Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Imide vs Amide
Imides thiab amides yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj C, H, N thiab O atoms. Ob lub tebchaw no muaj acyl pawg txuas nrog nitrogen atom. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm imide thiab amide yog tias imide yog cov organic sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob pawg acyl sib koom ua ke rau tib lub nitrogen atom whereas amide yog cov organic compound tsim los ntawm ib pawg acyl bonded rau nitrogen atom.
Imide yog dab tsi?
Ib qho imide yog cov organic compound uas muaj ob pawg acyl sib txuas rau tib lub atom nitrogen. Cov qauv ntawm imide zoo li cov kua qaub anhydrides. Cov tebchaw no yog cov polar heev thiab yog cov yaj zoo hauv cov kuab tshuaj polar.
Daim duab 1: Cov qauv dav dav ntawm ib qho imide
Kev npaj ntawm imides yog ua los ntawm cua sov dicarboxylic acids nrog ammonia (los yog thawj amines). Hom tshuaj lom neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam rau hauv qhov kev npaj no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv condensation ntawm dicarboxylic acid thiab cov amine uas ua rau imide.
Imides tsim los ntawm ammonia muaj N-H daim ntawv cog lus ntawm ob pawg acyl. Qhov N-H daim ntawv cog lus no muab lub peev xwm los tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen. Qhov chaw N-H no yog acidic. Qhov no ua rau kev tsim cov alkali hlau ntsev ntawm imides; Piv txwv li, Potassium phthalimide. Cov nitrogen atoms hauv imides tsis yog qhov yooj yim heev. Qhov no tso cai rau cov imides tsim N-halo derivatives los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ib qho imide thiab halogen nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lub hauv paus.
Amide yog dab tsi?
Ib amide yog ib qho organic compound uas muaj ib pawg acyl sib txuas rau nitrogen atom. Nws tseem hu ua acid amide. Qee lub sij hawm lo lus no yog siv rau lub npe conjugate puag ntawm ammonia (NH2– anion). Qhov yooj yim amides yog muab los ntawm ammonia qhov twg ib qho hydrogen atom ntawm ammonia yog hloov los ntawm ib pawg acyl. Cov complex amides yog tsim los ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab amines. Thawj amides yog tsim los ntawm ammonia thaum theem nrab amides yog tsim los ntawm thawj amines, thiab tertiary amides yog tsim los ntawm theem nrab amines. Tertiary amines tsis tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv kev tsim ntawm amides.
Thaum xav txog qhov tseeb qauv ntawm amide, muaj ib feem ob daim ntawv cog lus ntawm nitrogen thiab carbon atom ntawm pawg acyl vim yog delocalization ntawm ib leeg khub ntawm nitrogen atom. Qhov no txhais tau tias amides muaj cov qauv resonance uas txiav txim siab tus qauv ntawm amide.
Daim duab 2: Resonance Structures of an Amide
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev sib txuas ntawm amide. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm carboxylic acid thiab ib qho amine. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yuav tsum muaj lub zog kub kub vim qhov ua kom lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab heev.
Qhov txawv ntawm Imide thiab Amide yog dab tsi?
Imide vs Amide |
|
| Imide yog ib qho organic compound uas muaj ob pawg acyl sib koom ua ke rau tib lub atom nitrogen. | Ib amide yog cov organic compound uas muaj ib pawg acyl sib koom ua ke rau nitrogen atom. |
| Acyl Group | |
| Ib tug imide muaj tsawg kawg yog ob pawg acyl. | Ib amide muaj tsawg kawg yog ib pawg acyl. |
| Tus nqi rau Diamagnetic Khoom | |
| Imide tuaj yeem npaj tau los ntawm cua sov dicarboxylic acids nrog ammonia lossis thawj amines. | Ib amide tuaj yeem npaj tau los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm carboxylic acid thiab ammonia thaum muaj qhov kub thiab txias. |
Summary – Imide vs Amide
Ob qho tib si imides thiab amides yog nitrogen-muaj cov organic tebchaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm imide thiab amide yog tias imide yog cov organic sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob pawg acyl sib koom ua ke rau tib lub nitrogen atom whereas amide yog cov organic compound tsim los ntawm ib pawg acyl bonded rau nitrogen atom.
