Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Ferromagnetism vs Antiferromagnetism
Ferromagnetism thiab antiferromagnetism yog ob ntawm tsib qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom sib nqus. Lwm qhov peb yog diamagnetism, paramagnetism, thiab ferrimagnetism. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ferromagnetism thiab antiferromagnetism yog tias ferromagnetism tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj lawv cov hlau nplaum sib xyaw ua ke rau tib qho kev taw qhia whereas antiferromagnetism tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj lawv cov sib nqus sib nqus nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv.
Ib lub npe sib nqus lossis lub sijhawm atomic yog thaj chaw uas cov chaw sib nqus ntawm cov atoms tau koom ua ke thiab ua kom zoo. Cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic yog nyiam mus rau sab nraud magnetic teb thiab muaj lub sijhawm sib nqus sib nqus. Tab sis cov ntaub ntawv antiferromagnetic muaj xoom net magnetic moment.
Ferromagnetism yog dab tsi?
Ferromagnetism yog lub xub ntiag ntawm cov khoom sib nqus uas tau ua raws li cov kev taw qhia tib yam hauv cov khoom sib nqus. Cov piv txwv feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic yog hlau xws li hlau, npib tsib xee, cob alt thiab lawv cov hlau alloys. Cov hlau nplaum sib nqus ntawm cov hlau no muaj kev sib cuam tshuam zoo vim kev sib pauv hluav taws xob ntawm cov atoms. Cov kev sib txuam muaj zog no ua rau kev sib txuam ntawm cov sib nqus sib nqus hauv tib qho kev taw qhia. Cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov sib nqus sib nqus uas ua rau cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txawm tias tsis muaj qhov sib nqus sab nraud.
Daim duab 1: Kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom sib nqus hauv cov ntaub ntawv Ferromagnetic
Muaj ob lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv ferromagnetic:
Spontaneous Magnetization
Qhov kev sib nqus sib nqus yog qhov sib nqus ntawm cov khoom txawm tias tsis muaj qhov sib nqus sab nraud. Qhov loj ntawm qhov magnetization no cuam tshuam los ntawm lub sijhawm sib nqus ntawm cov electrons tam sim no hauv cov khoom siv ferromagnetic.
High Curie Temperature
Curie kub yog qhov kub ntawm qhov uas cov hlau nplaum sib nqus pib ploj mus. Rau cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic, qhov no tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Dab tsi yog Antiferromagnetism
Antiferromagnetism yog qhov muaj cov khoom sib nqus uas tau ua raws cov lus qhia sib txawv hauv cov khoom sib nqus. Cov kev sib nqus sib nqus no muaj qhov sib npaug sib nqus lub sijhawm uas raug tshem tawm (vim lawv nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia rov qab). Qhov no ua rau lub sijhawm net ntawm cov khoom xoom. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog hu ua antiferromagnetic cov ntaub ntawv.
Daim duab 2: Kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom sib nqus hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Cov piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev hloov pauv hlau oxides xws li manganese oxide (MnO).
Lub Neel kub (los yog qhov ntsuas kub sib nqus) yog qhov kub ntawm qhov khoom siv antiferromagnetic pib hloov mus rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Ntawm qhov kub no, lub zog thermal muab yog loj txaus los rhuav tshem cov kev sib nqus ntawm cov khoom sib nqus tam sim no hauv cov khoom.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ferromagnetism thiab Antiferromagnetism yog dab tsi?
Ferromagnetism vs Antiferromagnetism |
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| Ferromagnetism yog qhov muaj cov khoom sib nqus uas tau ua raws tib txoj hauv kev hauv cov khoom sib nqus. | Antiferromagnetism yog qhov muaj cov khoom sib nqus uas tau ua raws cov lus qhia sib txawv hauv cov khoom sib nqus. |
| Sib Nqus Sib Nqus Domains | |
| Cov khoom sib nqus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic yog nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev. | Cov khoom sib nqus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv antiferromagnetic yog ua raws li cov lus qhia. |
| Net Magnetic Moment | |
| Cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic muaj nqi rau net magnetic moment. | Cov ntaub ntawv Antiferromagnetic muaj xoom net magnetic moment. |
| Examples | |
| Piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic muaj xws li hlau xws li hlau, npib tsib xee, cob alt thiab lawv cov hlau alloys. | Piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv antiferromagnetic suav nrog kev hloov pauv hlau oxides. |
Summary – Ferromagnetism vs Antiferromagnetism
Cov khoom tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau pawg raws li lawv cov khoom sib nqus. Ferromagnetic thiab antiferromagnetic cov ntaub ntawv yog ob hom. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ferromagnetism thiab antiferromagnetism yog tias ferromagnetism tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj lawv cov hlau nplaum sib nqus ua ke rau hauv tib qho kev taw qhia whereas antiferromagnetism tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas cov hlau nplaum sib xyaw ua ke nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv.
