Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding
Hydrogen bonding yog ib daim ntawv ntawm kev txaus siab ntawm qee cov polar molecules. Nws yog ib hom kev sib raug zoo tsis muaj zog tshaj li ionic lossis covalent bonds, tab sis muaj zog attraction zog thaum piv rau dipole-dipole rog thiab Van der Waal rog. Ib daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen yog tsim yog tias lub polar molecule muaj lub zog electronegative atom uas muaj ib qho hluav taws xob ib leeg (uas tuaj yeem ua raws li tus neeg pub khoom siv hluav taws xob) sib txuas rau hydrogen atom (tus txais hluav taws xob). Txij li thaum lub atom muaj zog electronegative tuaj yeem nyiam cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm nws tus kheej dua li ntawm hydrogen atom, hydrogen atom tau txais ib feem ntawm tus nqi zoo, ua rau muaj zog sib cais. Yog li ntawd, cov hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus ua cov tshuaj bonds yog O-H daim ntawv cog lus, N-H daim ntawv cog lus, thiab F-H daim ntawv cog lus. Muaj ob hom hydrogen bonds uas tuaj yeem tsim tau; intermolecular hydrogen bonding uas tshwm sim ntawm polar molecules thiab intramolecular hydrogen bonding uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tib lub molecule. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm intramolecular hydrogen bonding yog tias kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hydrogen tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm ob lub molecules whereas intramolecular hydrogen bonding tshwm sim hauv ib lub molecule.
Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding yog dab tsi?
Intermolecular hydrogen bonds tshwm sim ntawm cov molecules cais hauv ib yam khoom. Yog li ntawd, tus neeg pub khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tus txais hluav taws xob yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si molecules. Yog tias muaj cov neeg pub khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov neeg txais kev pom zoo, cov molecule tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen.
Daim duab 01: Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding hauv Dej Molecules
Ib qho piv txwv rau cov molecules uas tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hydrogen yog cov dej molecules (H 2 O). thaum cov dej ua kua tau hloov mus ua dej khov.
Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding yog dab tsi?
Intramolecular hydrogen bonds yog cov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib lub molecule. Qhov hom hydrogen bonding tshwm sim thaum ob pawg ua haujlwm uas muaj peev xwm tsim cov hydrogen bonds nrog ib leeg nyob hauv tib lub molecule. Qhov no txhais tau tias ob qho tib si electron pub thiab electron txais yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv tib lub molecule.
Daim duab 02: Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding hauv Salicylaldehyde
Ntxiv mus, ob pab pawg ua haujlwm no yuav tsum nyob ze txaus rau daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen no. Cov piv txwv feem ntau ntawm cov molecule uas qhia txog hom kev sib txuas ntawm hydrogen yog salicylaldehyde (C 7H6O2).
Qhov txawv ntawm Intermolecular thiab Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding yog dab tsi?
Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding |
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| Intermolecular hydrogen bonds tshwm sim ntawm cov molecules cais hauv ib yam khoom. | Intramolecular hydrogen bonds yog cov uas tshwm sim hauv ib lub molecule. |
| khoom | |
| Intermolecular hydrogen bonds yog tsim los ntawm ob lub molecules. | Intramolecular hydrogen bonds yog tsim los ntawm cov molecules cais. |
Summary – Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding
Hydrogen bonding yog ib hom kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm dipole-dipole. Tab sis nws yog hom nyiaj tsis muaj zog. Muaj ob hom kev sib txuas ntawm hydrogen li intermolecular thiab intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm intramolecular hydrogen bonding yog tias kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hydrogen tshwm sim hauv nruab nrab ntawm ob lub molecules whereas intramolecular hydrogen bonding tshwm sim hauv ib lub molecule.
