Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Kev hloov pauv vs hla hla
DNA recombination yog qhov tshwm sim uas piav qhia txog kev sib pauv ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm chromosomes lossis thaj chaw sib txawv ntawm tib chromosome. Nws ua rau muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov noob tshiab uas txawv ntawm cov niam txiv gene ua ke. DNA recombination yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim hais tias nws cuam tshuam rau cov noob caj noob ces ntau haiv neeg thiab tseem rau evolution, kab mob, kho DNA thiab lwm yam. Thaum lub sij hawm meiosis ntawm cov hlwb, DNA recombination tuaj yeem tshwm sim ib txwm muaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem hu ua hla ntawm homologous chromosomes. Hla hla yog kev sib pauv ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm homologous chromosomes. Translocation yog lwm txoj kev uas ua rau kev sib txuas ntawm caj ces. Kev hloov pauv yog qhov sib pauv ntawm cov seem ntawm chromosomes (cov khoom siv caj ces) ntawm cov chromosomes uas tsis yog homologous. Nws yog ib qho kev txawv txav ntawm caj ces uas ua rau muaj kab mob sib txawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab hla dhau yog qhov kev hloov pauv tshwm sim ntawm cov chromosomes uas tsis yog homologous thaum hla feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm thaj tsam homologous ntawm cov chromosomes sib xws.
Kev hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
Thaum kev sib pauv ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces tshwm sim ntawm cov chromosomes uas tsis yog homologous, nws yog hu ua translocation. Thaum lub sij hawm translocation, fragments ntawm chromosomes uas muaj cov genetic khoom pauv ntawm txawv chromosomes. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov noob sib txawv vim qhov kev txav ntawm chromosome ntu ntawm ib chromosome mus rau lwm qhov tsis yog homologous chromosome uas tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tshiab. Kev hloov pauv yog qhov txawv txav ntawm chromosomes. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib hom kev hloov pauv uas ua rau muaj kab mob xws li mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog nqaij hlav, tsis muaj menyuam, XX txiv neej syndrome, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, kev hloov pauv yog suav tias yog txheej txheem txaus ntshai uas tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam kab mob tuag taus.
Daim duab 01: Kev hloov pauv
Cov cytogenetics thiab karyotype tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov chromosomal txawv txav uas yog tshwm sim vim kev hloov pauv.
Kev hla dhau yog dab tsi?
Hla dhau yog txheej txheem ntawm kev sib pauv cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm cov homologous chromosomes. Nws ua rau recombinant chromosomes uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv caj ces. Hauv kev sib deev, kev tsim ntawm gametes tshwm sim los ntawm meiosis. Homologous chromosomes ua ke nrog ib leeg thaum lub sijhawm prophase I ntawm meiosis thiab pauv lawv cov khoom siv caj ces. Vim qhov kev sib pauv no sib txawv ntawm cov chromosomes ntawm homologous chromosomes, recombinant chromosomes yog tsim los ntawm kev hla txoj kev. Kev hla dhau yog ib txoj kev tseem ceeb, thiab nws yog ib qho txheej txheem ib txwm muaj thaum lub sij hawm sib cais ntawm chromosomes hauv meiosis. Thaum hla dhau los tshwm sim thaum meiosis, cov xeeb ntxwv tau txais cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov noob sib txawv dua li lawv niam lawv txiv muaj. Yog tias hla dhau thaum lub sij hawm mitosis, nws ua rau heterozygosity.
Daim duab 01: hla dhau
Homologous chromosomes muaj qhov ntev zoo sib xws, gene txoj haujlwm thiab qhov chaw centromere. Li no, hla ntawm homologous chromosomes tsis ua kev hloov pauv vim nws yog ib qho txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm caj ces. Thaum lub sij hawm chiasma so, cov chromosome tawg tau hloov nrog qhov sib txawv homologous chromosome. Cov ntu tawg ntawm niam txiv chromosome tau hloov nrog homologous chromosome ntawm leej txiv sab.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Kev Hloov Chaw thiab Hla Dhau?
- Kev hloov chaw thiab hla yog ob txoj kev ntawm kev sib txuas caj ces.
- Ob leeg tshwm sim hauv chromosomes (hauv cov khoom siv caj ces).
- Thaum ob txheej txheem, chromosome ntu pauv.
- Ob leeg ua rau cov chromosomes recombinant.
Qhov txawv ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab hla dhau yog dab tsi?
Kev hloov pauv vs hla hla |
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| Kev hloov chaw yog txheej txheem ntawm kev sib pauv cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm cov chromosomes uas tsis yog homologous. | Hla dhau yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev sib piv cov ntu ntawm chromosomes ntawm homologous chromosomes thaum lub sij hawm kev sib deev. |
| txheej txheem | |
| Kev hloov chaw tsis yog txheej txheem ib txwm muaj. | Kev hla dhau yog txheej txheem ib txwm muaj thaum lub sijhawm meiosis. |
| Mutation | |
| Kev hloov pauv yog kev hloov pauv. | Kev hla dhau tsis yog kev hloov pauv |
| Muaj Chromosomes | |
| Kev hloov pauv tshwm sim ntawm tsis yog homologous | Kev hla dhau tshwm sim ntawm homologous chromosomes. |
| Txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv caj ces | |
| Kev hloov chaw ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv caj ces. | Kev hla dhau tsis hloov cov ntaub ntawv caj ces. |
| Ua Kab Mob | |
| Kev hloov chaw tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, tsis muaj menyuam, mob plab, XX txiv neej syndrome thiab lwm yam. | Kev hla ntawm homologous chromosomes tsis ua rau muaj kab mob tuag taus. |
| Chromosomal Abnormality | |
| Kev hloov pauv yog qhov txawv txav ntawm chromosomal. | Kev hla dhau tsis yog chromosomal abnormality. |
Summary – Translocation vs Hla Hla
Genetic recombination ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv caj ces ntawm cov tib neeg. Nws tshwm sim vim muaj ntau yam. Hla hla thiab translocation yog ob txheej txheem uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv caj ces. Hla hla yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib hloov cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm cov chromosomes ntawm homologous chromosomes. Nws yog ib qho txheej txheem ntawm meiosis, thiab nws ua rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov noob tshiab. Tab sis nws tsis ua rau kev hloov pauv vim yog homologous xwm ntawm chromosomes. Translocation yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev sib pauv cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm cov chromosomes uas tsis yog homologous. Kev hloov chaw ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov noob sib txuas uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij thiab ua rau muaj kab mob sib txawv xws li qog noj ntshav thiab lwm yam. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev hla dhau thiab kev hloov chaw.
Download PDF Version of Translocation vs Hla Hla
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv ntawm Kev Hloov Chaw thiab Hla Hla
