Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Gene zaus vs Genotypic zaus
Tam sim no, cov noob caj noob ces tau dhau los ua qhov kev tshawb fawb dav dav los ntawm cov kws tshuaj caj ces vim muaj cov qauv nrov ntawm hom tshiab. Yog li, cov noob caj noob ces tuaj yeem ntsuas tau los ntawm microevolution qhov twg cov evolution ntawm cov pejxeem me yog tshuaj xyuas raws li nws cov zaus allele lossis cov noob zaus, genotypic zaus thiab phenotypic zaus. Cov kev suav no tau ua tiav txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov pejxeem thiab txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tsiaj sib txawv hauv cov pejxeem nyob rau lub sijhawm. Qhov zaus txiav txim seb tus naj npawb ntawm lub sij hawm ib qho gene, genotype lossis phenotype raug rov ua dua hauv ib tus neeg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm gene zaus thiab genotype zaus nyob hauv qhov tshwj xeeb uas qhov zaus tau txiav txim siab. Nyob rau hauv gene zaus, nws yog ib tug noob los yog ib tug allele uas txiav txim qhov zaus thaum, nyob rau hauv genotypic zaus, nws yog ib tug genotype uas txiav txim qhov zaus.
Yeeb zaus yog dab tsi?
Cov noob yog chav tsev ntawm cov noob qoob loo uas tau hloov los ntawm niam txiv mus rau cov xeeb ntxwv. Cov ntaub ntawv uas tswj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xeeb ntxwv yog khaws cia rau hauv cov noob no. Txhua lub noob muaj nyob rau hauv lwm cov khub, thiab ib qho allele yog ib qho kev hloov ntawm cov noob. Gene zaus, uas ntau dua los yog tsawg dua yog hais txog allele zaus, yog qhov kev ntsuas qhov twg tus naj npawb ntawm rov ua dua ntawm tib allele ntsuas nyob rau qee lub sijhawm. Yog li, gene zaus (allele zaus) yog hais txog ntau npaum li cas tus allele ntawm cov noob tshwm sim hauv cov pejxeem.
Cov noob zaus tuaj yeem ntsuas hauv micropopulation los ntawm kev siv cov qauv yooj yim raws li hauv qab no, thiab tus nqi feem ntau yog muab raws li feem pua.
Frequency of an allele 'A'=Tus lej ntawm cov ntawv luam ntawm allele 'A' hauv cov pejxeem ÷ Tag nrho cov ntawv luam ntawm allele A/a hauv cov pejxeem
Gene zaus xam
Example 01:
Kev xam cov noob ntau zaus ntawm cov nroj tsuag paj nrog cov tseem ceeb allele P rau cov nroj tsuag xim paj yeeb thiab cov allele recessive p rau cov xim dawb yog ua haujlwm hauv qab no.
Tag nrho cov noob hauv cov pejxeem=1000
Gene zaus rau noob P=[{(320 x 2) +160}/1000] x 100
=80%
Gene zaus rau noob p=[{(20 x 2) +160}/1000] x 100
=20%
Dab tsi yog Genotypic zaus?
Genotype yog qhov kev qhia caj ces ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb lossis tus yam ntxwv thiab koom nrog ob lossis ntau lub alleles ua ke los ua kom muaj kev qhia tshwj xeeb. Cov genotype tuaj yeem ua homozygous (alleles yog tib daim ntawv - PP) lossis heterozygous (alleles yog hom sib txawv - Pp). Qhov kev ntsuas genotypic yog hais txog pes tsawg zaus ib qho genotype tshwj xeeb tau qhia hauv cov pejxeem ntawm lub sijhawm. Yog li kev sib raug zoo ntawm noob caj noob ces tuaj yeem txiav txim siab.
Genotypic zaus xam
Raws li qhov piv txwv tau muab rau hauv kev suav cov noob zaus, qhov genotypic zaus tuaj yeem suav ua raws li hauv qab no thiab qhia ua feem pua.
Tag nrho cov Genotypes=500
Genotypic zaus ntawm PP=[320/500] x 100=64%
Genotypic zaus ntawm Pp=[160/500] x 100=32%
Genotypic zaus ntawm pp=[20/500] x 100=4%
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Gene Frequency thiab Genotypic zaus?
- Gene zaus thiab genotypic zaus yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg, nyiam dua nyob rau hauv ib tug micropopulation.
- Ob feem pua yog ntsuas nyob rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb.
- Ob qho txiaj ntsig tau qhia ua feem pua.
- Ob qhov kev ntsuas yog siv los txiav txim qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm caj ces hauv cov neeg xaiv.
Qhov txawv ntawm Gene zaus thiab Genotypic zaus yog dab tsi?
Gene zaus vs Genotypic zaus |
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| Gene zaus yog feem pua ntawm ib qho gene / allele tau rov ua dua hauv cov neeg muab rau lub sijhawm xaiv. | Genotypic zaus yog feem pua ntawm cov genotype tau rov ua dua nyob rau hauv cov neeg muab rau lub sijhawm xaiv. |
| Tus nqi nce qib | |
| Gene zaus hloov zuj zus sai hauv cov noob caj noob ces. | Genotypic zaus hloov zuj zus ntawm tus nqi qis dua hauv cov noob caj noob ces. |
| qauv | |
| Gene zaus tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb lossis rov ua dua. | Genotypic zaus tuaj yeem ua homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive lossis heterozygous. |
| kev sib tw hauv kev ntsuas | |
| Gene zaus yog qhov nyuaj dua vim nws ntsuas ntawm qib allelic. | Genotypic zaus tsis tshua nyuaj. |
Summary – Gene Frequency vs Genotypic Frequency
Cov noob caj noob ces uas muaj tag nrho cov noob hauv ib qho ntawm cov pej xeem ib txwm hloov zuj zus raws li hom kev hloov pauv rau ib puag ncig thiab lwm yam ntawm lub cev nyob ib puag ncig lawv. Yog li ntawd, geneticists siv cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov noob thiab cov genotypes los kawm txog cov qauv hloov pauv hauv lub sijhawm. Cov gene zaus thiab genotypic zaus yog kev ntsuas raws li kev txiav txim siab los ntawm Mendel txoj kev xav tab sis tau nce siab nrog cov kev xav tau muab los ntawm Darwin ntawm evolution. Allele los yog gene zaus yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm cov txheeb ze zaus ntawm ib qho allele ntawm cov caj ces hauv cov pejxeem. Genotypic zaus yog qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm ib qho genotype ntawm tag nrho cov tib neeg hauv cov pej xeem. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm gene zaus thiab genotypic zaus.
Download PDF Version of Gene Frequency vs Genotypic Frequency
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv ntawm Gene Frequency thiab Genotype Frequency.
