Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Allotrope vs Isomer
Qee lub ntsiab lus hauv lub rooj zaum tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov qauv sib txawv lossis kev sib txawv thaum nyob ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub. Lawv tuaj yeem yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm ib lub ntsiab lus lossis ib qho chaw ua los ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus. Allotropes thiab isomers yog cov piv txwv zoo rau cov ntsiab lus. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm allotrope thiab isomer yog tias allotropes yog cov khoom sib xyaw nrog cov ntsiab lus sib txawv tab sis cov tshuaj sib txawv hauv cov kev npaj sib txawv whereas isomers yog cov tebchaw muaj cov ntsiab lus sib txawv tab sis tib cov tshuaj formula hauv kev sib txawv.
Dab tsi yog Allotrope?
Lo lus allotrope tuaj yeem txhais ua lwm hom. Hauv kev nthuav dav, nws hais txog ntau hom kev sib txuas ua los ntawm tib lub ntsiab lus tab sis nyob rau hauv cov qauv tshuaj sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Cov allotropes no muaj nyob hauv tib lub cev hauv tib lub sijhawm (chav kub) tab sis qhia qhov txawv ntawm lawv lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Sib txawv allotropes tuaj yeem pom hauv cov hlau, tsis yog hlau, thiab metalloids.
Examples of Allotropes
Allotropes ntawm Carbon
Carbon allotropes muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev khoom. Feem ntau hom yog pob zeb diamond, graphite thiab carbon dub. Ntawm no, nws tsis yooj yim heev los hloov ib hom allotrope mus rau lwm tus qauv allotrope. Pob zeb diamond yog ib qho nyuaj heev thaum graphite tsis yog qhov nyuaj. Cov pa roj carbon dub tshwm sim ua hmoov.
Daim duab 01: Cov qauv thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm Pob Zeb Diamond (hauv sab laug) thiab Graphite (hauv sab xis)
Allotropes ntawm Oxygen
Cov hom pa oxygen feem ntau uas pom tau ib txwm muaj yog cov pa oxygen (O2), thiab ozone (O3). Qhov txawv ntawm lawv yog tias cov pa oxygen muaj ob lub atoms sib txuas nrog ob daim ntawv cog lus whereas ozone yog tsim los ntawm peb cov pa atoms uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov qauv resonance.
Allotropes ntawm Sulfur
Cov allotropes ntawm sulfur yog sib txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov sulfur atoms txuas thiab lawv cov kev npaj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm leej faj, nws yog me ntsis yooj yim los hloov ib daim ntawv ntawm leej faj mus rau lwm yam.
Isomer yog dab tsi?
Isomers yog cov tebchaw uas muaj cov qauv tshuaj tib yam tab sis kev sib txawv. Isomers muaj tib tus lej thiab hom atoms tab sis cov atoms no tau teem rau ntau txoj hauv kev. Yog li ntawd, cov qauv tshuaj ntawm isomers txawv ntawm ib leeg. Isomers muab faib ua ob pawg dav hu ua structural isomers thiab stereoisomers.
Daim duab 02: Kev faib tawm ntawm Isomers
Structural Isomers
Hauv hom no, atoms thiab pawg ua haujlwm tau txuas nrog ntau txoj hauv kev los ua tus qauv. Hom no suav nrog cov saw isomerism, txoj hauj lwm isomerism, thiab ua haujlwm pab pawg isomerism.
Stereoisomers
Cov qauv nyiaj thiab txoj haujlwm ntawm pawg ua haujlwm yog tib yam rau isomers tab sis txawv ntawm qhov chaw geometrical. Stereoisomers suav nrog cis-trans isomers (=diastereomers) thiab optical isomers (=enantiomers).
Daim duab 03: Stereoisomers ntawm Propylene Glycol (nco ntsoov tias geometry ntawm H atom txawv ntawm ob lub molecules).
Qhov txawv ntawm Allotrope thiab Isomer yog dab tsi?
Allotrope vs Isomer |
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| Allotropes yog cov tebchaw uas muaj tib lub ntsiab tab sis txawv cov tshuaj formula hauv kev sib txawv. | Isomers yog cov tebchaw muaj cov ntsiab lus sib txawv tab sis tib cov tshuaj formula hauv kev sib txawv. |
| Number of Atoms | |
| Allotropes yog tsim los ntawm ntau tus lej ntawm atoms. | Isomers muaj tib tus lej ntawm atoms. |
| Type of Elements | |
| Allotropes yog tsim los ntawm tib lub caij. | Isomers muaj cov ntsiab lus sib txawv. |
| qauv | |
| Allotropes ib txwm muaj cov qauv sib txawv. | Isomers tej zaum yuav muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws lossis txawv. |
| Presence | |
| Allotropes tuaj yeem pom hauv cov hlau, tsis yog hlau, thiab metalloids | Isomerism tuaj yeem pom hauv cov organic molecules (ex: hydrocarbon) thiab inorganic molecules (ex: silane). |
| Hom Loj | |
| Hom allotropes suav nrog hlau allotropes, tsis yog hlau allotropes, thiab metalloid allotropes | Isomers suav nrog cov qauv isomers thiab stereoisomers. |
Summary – Allotropes vs Isomers
Ob qho tib si allotropes thiab isomers tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog lwm hom khoom lossis cov khoom sib xyaw. Feem ntau ntawm cov sij hawm, cov no yog cov ruaj khov thiab ib txwm pom cov tebchaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm allotrope thiab isomer yog tias allotropes yog cov tebchaw nrog cov ntsiab lus sib txawv hauv cov qauv tshuaj sib txawv hauv cov txheej txheem sib txawv whereas isomers yog cov tebchaw muaj cov ntsiab lus sib txawv nrog tib cov tshuaj formula hauv kev sib txawv.
Download PDF Version of Allotropes vs Isomers
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li cov ntawv sau tseg. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Allotrope thiab Isomer.
