Txheej 2 vs Txheej 3 Hloov
Network hloov yog ib qho khoom siv, uas txuas cov chaw nres tsheb kawg lossis cov neeg siv kawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txuas txheej txheej. Cov keyboards tuaj rau hauv kev lag luam raws li cov kev daws teeb meem ntse rau network hubs, uas muab cov chaw sib txuas ceev ceev. Nyob rau theem 2, hloov kev sib txuas lus siv Media Access Control (MAC) chaw nyob, thiab nws muab tib lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus choj ntau qhov chaw. Nws tuaj yeem pom raws li qhov puv-duplex version ntawm lub hub. Ethernet keyboards tuaj yeem kawm tau qhov chaw nyob MAC txuas rau ntau qhov chaw hloov chaw los ntawm kev saib qhov chaw nyob MAC ntawm cov thav ntawv tuaj rau hauv qhov chaw nres nkoj. Piv txwv li, yog hloov chaw nres nkoj Fa 0/1 tau txais ib lub thav duab nrog qhov chaw nyob MAC aaaa.aaaa.aaaa, qhov hloov pauv tuaj yeem lees paub tias qhov chaw nyob MAC tau los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj Fa 0/1, thiab yog tias lub thav duab tuaj txog ntawm qhov hloov, kom ncaj qha mus rau tib qhov chaw nyob MAC qhov hloov pauv yuav xa mus rau Fa 0/1 chaw nres nkoj.
Layer 2 Hloov
Cov keyboards sab hauv, VLANS yog tsim los faib kev hloov pauv mus rau cov chaw tshaj tawm me me uas peb tuaj yeem muab cov chaw nres nkoj sib txawv rau cov subnets sib txawv. Hloov siv VLANs los tswj kev tshaj tawm, multicasts, unicast, thiab tsis paub unicast nrog txheej 2 li. Kev sib txawv xws li HTTP, FTP, SNMP tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo los ntawm txheej 2 hloov. Thaum nws los txog rau kev ruaj ntseg network, txheej 2 keyboards muab yooj yim tab sis muaj zog ruaj ntseg chaw xws li chaw nres nkoj kev ruaj ntseg. Nyob rau theem 2, cov tswv yim zoo li STP tau siv los ua kom rov ua dua hauv lub network thaum tiv thaiv cov voj voog. Hauv kev tsim network, txheej 2 keyboards feem ntau yog siv los ntawm txheej txheej nkag. Hauv inter VLAN routing ntawm txheej 2 keyboards, peb yuav tsum siv lub router, uas muab txheej 3 chaw.
Layer 3 Hloov
Kom kov yeej ntau thaj tsam xws li tshaj tawm tshaj tawm thiab tsis muaj ntau qhov txuas, txheej 3 hloov pauv xws li cisco Catalyst 3550, 3560, 3750, 4500, 6500 series tau qhia, uas siv cov pob ntawv xa tawm ntawm lub router hauv hardware. Txheej 3 keyboards muab ob qho tib si cov ntaub ntawv txuas txheej thiab cov txheej txheem network hauv tib lub cuab yeej, uas yuav txo tus nqi ntawm kev yuav lwm lub router kom tau txais txheej 3 chaw. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hloov ib txheej 2 chaw nres nkoj mus rau txheej 3 chaw nres nkoj yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum muaj ib qho chaw nres nkoj. Routing raws tu qauv zoo li EIGRP, thiab qee zaum, OSPF tuaj yeem siv los xa cov chaw nres nkoj uas peb tau muab tus IP chaw nyob tom qab disabling txheej 2 ua haujlwm ntawm chaw nres nkoj siv "tsis muaj switchport" hais kom ua. Txheej 3 keyboards feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem faib thiab txheej txheej ntawm cov txheej txheem hierarchical.
Qhov txawv ntawm Txheej 2 thiab Txheej 3 Hloov yog dab tsi?
Kev tsis muaj peev xwm tswj hwm ntau BGP ua haujlwm hauv inter Autonomous System routing thiab ntau lwm yam kev ua tau zoo yog qee qhov tsis zoo thaum peb siv txheej 3 hloov pauv rau lub router. Yog tias peb tuaj yeem tsim cov chaw tsis muaj zog no cov routers tuaj yeem dhau los ua zaj dab neeg qub hauv ntiaj teb kev sib tham.
Thaum xav txog tus nqi, txheej 2 cov khoom siv tsis tshua kim, tab sis nws yeej ib txwm ntse los yuav ob txheej 2 thiab txheej 3 ua haujlwm (xws li txheej 3 hloov), yog tias lub tuam txhab yuav nthuav dav yav tom ntej. Ntxiv txheej 3 hloov pauv muaj peev xwm tuav tau ntau lub tsheb thiab tuaj yeem piav qhia tias yog qhov kev xaiv zoo thiab txawj ntse rau lub tuam txhab loj lossis lub tuam txhab loj uas txheej 2 khoom siv ua ke feem ntau hauv cov tuam txhab me.
