Daim tawv nqaij vs Melanoma
Melanoma yog hom mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau hnov txog mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau lwm hom qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab. Kab lus no yuav piav qhia txog qhov ua rau, qhov chaw kho mob, cov tsos mob, kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev kuaj mob, kev kuaj mob, thiab kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntawm melanoma.
Melanoma yog ib qho kab mob loj heev. Nws yog ib qho uncontrolled overgrowth ntawm melanocytes. Melanocytes yog lub luag haujlwm los tsim cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Yog li ntawd, melanoma tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ib feem ntawm lub cev uas muaj melanocytes. Hauv tebchaws Askiv, 3500 tus neeg mob tshiab tau txheeb xyuas ib xyoos. 800 tus neeg tau tuag tsuas yog thaum 20 xyoo dhau los. Melanoma yog ntau dua ntawm Caucasians. Nws muaj ntau dua rau cov poj niam.
Txhua tus mob qog noj ntshav tshwm sim vim qhov hloov tsis tau ntawm daim tawv nqaij DNA. Hnub ci yog qhov ua rau melanoma, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ntxov xyoo. Kev kuaj mob melanoma yog qhov nyuaj. Muaj ib daim ntawv txheeb xyuas, ua hauv Glasgow, kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim. Malignant melanoma tuaj yeem hloov nws qhov loj, zoo thiab xim. Tej zaum yuav muaj o, crusting, los ntshav thiab kev hloov pauv. Cov kab mob satellite nyob ib puag ncig tuaj yeem tshwm sim, tab sis yog tias lawv zoo demarcated, du, thiab tsis tu ncua, nws yuav tsis zoo li melanoma. Melanoma tuaj yeem muab faib ua lentigo maligna, lentigo maligna melanoma, nthuav dav, acral, mucosa, nodular, polypoid, desmoplastic, thiab amelonatic melanoma. Txawm hais tias ntau melanomas ua raws li cov cai yooj yim no, nodular melanomas tsis ua. Lawv yog cov elevated, ruaj nodules, uas yog loj hlob sai heev. Ntshav qab zib lactate dehydrogenase qib nce thaum muaj metastatic kis. CT, MRI, sentinel lymph node biopsies, thiab daim tawv nqaij lesion biopsies tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev paub tseeb ntawm kev kuaj mob. Tom qab kev pom zoo, kev txiav tawm dav ntawm cov qog yuav ua tiav. Kev koom nrog tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm phais. Raws li kev sib kis, kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab kev siv hluav taws xob yuav xav tau. Tshuaj kho mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab xov tooj cua tuaj yeem muab tau yog tias mob qog noj ntshav los yog hauv zos nce siab.
Tiv thaiv kom raug UV teeb yog xav tias yuav tiv thaiv melanoma. Raws li txoj cai ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo, tsis txhob raug tshav ntuj thaum 9 teev sawv ntxov txog 3 teev tsaus ntuj yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo. Sun cream thiab lwm yam kev npaj yuav pab tau, tab sis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua xua thiab lwm yam tawv nqaij hloov nrog kev siv cov ntawv thov no. Tsawg invasive melanomas nrog cov qog nqaij hlav kis tau zoo dua li qhov sib sib zog nqus melanomas yam tsis muaj qog nqaij hlav. Thaum melanoma kis mus rau cov qog nqaij hlav, tus naj npawb ntawm cov pob txha muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev kuaj mob. Dav dav metastatic melanoma tau hais tias yuav kho tsis tau. Cov neeg mob yuav muaj sia nyob 6 txog 12 lub hlis tom qab kuaj pom.
Cov qog tawv nqaij yog qhov txawv txav ntawm cov tawv nqaij. Cov no tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg. Lawv yog cov benign thiab malignant. Cov qog nqaij hlav zoo yog qeeb zuj zus ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas yuav tsis kis mus rau lwm qhov chaw lossis nkag mus rau cov qauv nyob ib puag ncig. Malignant qog invade ib puag ncig cov qauv nrog rau kis mus rau qhov chaw nyob deb ntawm cov ntshav thiab lymph. Cov chaw nyob deb no uas muaj cov kab mob qog noj ntshav hu ua metastatic sites. Lub siab, ob lub raum, prostate, vertebral kem, thiab lub hlwb yog ob peb qhov chaw paub zoo tias mob qog noj ntshav.
Tshav ntuj ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog lub sijhawm ntev. Ultra violet lub teeb, haus luam yeeb, tib neeg papillomavirus, ionizing hluav taws xob, kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo thiab cov kab mob hauv lub cev zoo li congenital melanocytic nevi syndrome yog qee qhov paub ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.
Daim tawv nqaij muaj ntau txheej ntawm cov hlwb. Lub hauv qab feem ntau txheej yog cov nquag faib basal cell txheej. Cov txheej no yog cov feem ntau raug rau malignant hloov. Cov qog nqaij hlav basal cell yog hom mob qog noj ntshav ntau tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua li malignant melanoma. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb loj heev hu ua squamous cells. Cov hlwb no tau txais keratin thaum lawv mus rau sab nrauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Cov hlwb no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tsis zoo thiab ua rau squamous cell carcinomas. Cov no tsis tshua muaj ntau dua li basal cell carcinomas. Lawv metastasize ntau dua li cov qog nqaij hlav hauv hlwb. Interspersed ntawm lub basal hlwb nyob rau hauv lub deepest txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog melanocytes. Cov no yog cov pigment hlwb ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Thaum cov hlwb no raug hloov pauv tsis zoo, melanomas tshwm sim. Cov no yog cov mob qog noj ntshav siab heev.
Txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij, Sau: Don Bliss, National Cancer Institute
basal cell cancers feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lawv nthuav tawm raws li pearly, daj ntseg, du thiab tsa thaj ua rau thaj. Lub taub hau, caj dab, xub pwg thiab caj npab feem ntau cuam tshuam. Muaj telangiectasia (cov hlab ntsha me me hauv cov qog). Tej zaum yuav muaj los ntshav thiab pob zeb ua rau muaj kev xav tsis zoo rwj. Cov qog nqaij hlav basal cell yog qhov ua rau tuag taus tsawg kawg ntawm tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab nws kho tau tag nrho nrog kev kho kom raug.
Squamous cell cancers muaj xws li liab, scaly, thickenings ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Yog tias tsis kho lawv yuav ncav cuag qhov ceeb toom loj. Lawv txaus ntshai tab sis tsis ntau npaum li melanomas.
Malignant melanomas tam sim no loj, asymmetrical, evolving thaj ua rau thaj nrog sib txawv xim thiab tsis sib xws. Malignant melanomas metastasize sai thiab ua rau tuag taus.
Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav nyob ntawm hnub nyoog, theem, kis, thiab rov tshwm sim. Hom mob qog noj ntshav kuj cuam tshuam rau kev txiav txim siab kho mob. Cov kws khomob thiab kev kho mob hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tiv thaiv basal cell carcinoma thiab squamous cell carcinoma. Melanoma yog resistant rau hluav taws xob thiab chemotherapy. Kev phais micrographic yog ib txoj hauv kev uas cov qog nqaij hlav tshem tawm nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib puag ncig.
Melanoma yog qhov tuag taus ntau dua li basal cell carcinoma thiab squamous cell carcinoma. Melanoma yog tsawg dua li lwm yam qog nqaij hlav. Melanoma kis ntau dua li ob hom.
Nyeem ntxiv:
1. Qhov txawv ntawm Mole thiab tawv nqaij Cancer
2. Qhov txawv ntawm Mob qog nqaij hlav hlwb thiab mob qog nqaij hlav hlwb
