Y Hyperlipidemia vs Hypercholesterolemia
Ntau tus xav tias hypercholesterolemia thiab hyperlipidemia yog qhov sib txawv. Tab sis lawv tsis yog. Hypercholesterolemia tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog hom hyperlipidemia. Kab lus no yuav tham txog hypercholesterolemia thiab hyperlipidemia thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv kom meej.
Khoom noj peb noj muaj carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, thiab minerals. Gastro plab hnyuv system lov cov tebchaw mus rau nws cov molecules constituent. Carbohydrates tau tawg mus rau cov suab thaj yooj yim. Proteins tau tawg mus rau cov amino acids. Lipids tau tawg mus rau fatty acids thiab glycerol. Lub cev kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov lipids tshiab ntawm lub cev los ntawm fatty acids thiab glycerol. Lub cev muaj peb hom rog. Lawv yog cov rog rog, cov rog nruab nrab thiab cov rog xim av. Cov rog rog yog cov khoom siv hauv lub cev. Cov nqaij nruab nrab tau khaws cia rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg rog. Cov roj ntsha xim av, feem ntau pom hauv cov menyuam mos, pab tswj lub cev kub.
Lipid metabolism yog cov txheej txheem tsis tu ncua. Nws khiav hauv ob txoj kev. Lipids tau tawg mus rau fatty acids thiab glycerol thaum lub sij hawm zom mov thaum, nyob rau hauv lwm qhov chaw, fatty acids thiab glycerol koom ua ke tsim complex lipids. Muaj ob hom fatty acids hauv peb cov zaub mov. Lawv yog cov saturated thiab unsaturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids muaj hydrogen atoms nyob txhua qhov chaw muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov pa roj carbon; yog li ntawd tsis muaj ob lossis triple daim ntawv cog lus. Unsaturated fatty acids muaj ob los yog triple bonds. Yog tias muaj ib daim ntawv cog lus zoo li no, cov fatty-acid tau txais kev sib cais raws li monounsaturated fatty acids. Yog tias muaj ntau daim ntawv cog lus, nws yog hu ua polyunsaturated fatty acid. Los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm qhov pom, saturated fatty acids tsis zoo.
Muaj cov enzymes tshwj xeeb hauv plab hnyuv muaj peev xwm ua rau cov rog rog (piv txwv li: pancreatic lipase). Thaum peb noj cov zaub mov oily, cov enzymes no rhuav tshem cov rog mus rau fatty acids thiab glycerol. Cov tshuaj no nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob hauv lub plab thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau hauv cov ntshav ntws los ntawm plab mus rau daim siab. Fatty acids muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav raws li cov roj fatty acids dawb thiab khi rau albumin. Cov kab mob hauv lub plab thiab lub siab hlwb tsim cov lipoproteins loj loj hu ua chylomicrons. Lub siab kuj tsim cov lipoproteins tsawg heev. Qhov ceev ntawm lipoprotein yog inversely proportionate rau nws cov ntsiab lus lipid. Cov lipoproteins tsawg ntom ntom thiab chylomicrons muaj cov roj cholesterol tsawg heev thiab ntau cov lipids. Cov no nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Qee cov lipids hauv chylomicrons thiab VLDL tau nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb los ntawm kev ua ntawm lipoprotein lipase, thiab qhov ceev ntawm lipoproteins nce tsim Intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL). IDL muab cov lipoproteins tawm rau High density lipoproteins (HDL) vim qhov kev ua ntawm lecithin-cholesterol acyl-transferase, tsim LDL. Cov ntaub so ntswg peripheral thiab daim siab tsim cov roj cholesterol vim qhov kev ua ntawm HMG COA reductase. Cov roj (cholesterol) mus los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg peripheral mus rau lub siab hauv HDL. HDL feem ntau muaj cov roj cholesterol thiab tsawg lipids. HDL tseem hu ua cov roj cholesterol zoo, thiab LDL yog lub npe hu ua cov roj (cholesterol) phem hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm. HDL tiv thaiv kev tsim cov atheromatous plaque. Macrophages engulf LDL thiab ua npuas hlwb. Cov no tau tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa thaum lub sij hawm atherosclerosis.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Hypercholesterolemia thiab Hyperlipidemia?
• Hypercholesterolemia yog siab dua li cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav.
• Hyperlipidemia yog siab dua li cov lipids hauv cov ntshav.
• Hyperlipidemia suav nrog lipoproteins, lipids, roj cholesterol thiab cholesterol esters.
• Hypercholesterolemia yog qhov teeb meem tsawg dua li lwm yam hyperlipidemias.
