DNA Replication vs Transcription
Cov no yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj heev thiab cov txheej txheem tswj hwm tau tshwm sim ntawm qib cellular. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab cov ntsiab lus tsis paub, DNA replication thiab transcription tsis nrov. Qhov tseeb, ntau tus neeg uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm biological science tsis paub zoo txog cov ntsiab lus. Yog li ntawd, tsab xov xwm no yog lub hom phiaj los tham txog cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb uas tshwm sim thaum cov txheej txheem no thiab cov kev sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ib qho luv luv thiab ua kom yooj yim.
DNA Replication yog dab tsi?
DNA replication yog tus txheej txheem ntawm tsim ob DNA zoo tib yam strands los ntawm ib tug, thiab nws muaj ib tug series ntawm cov txheej txheem. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem no tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm S theem ntawm Inter-theem ntawm cell voj voog lossis cell faib. Nws yog cov txheej txheem siv hluav taws xob thiab feem ntau peb lub ntsiab enzymes hu ua DNA helicase, DNA polymerase, thiab DNA ligase tau koom nrog hauv kev tswj cov txheej txheem no. Ua ntej, DNA helicase dismantles ob chav helix qauv ntawm DNA strand los ntawm rhuav cov hydrogen bonds ntawm cov nitrogenous bases ntawm cov tawm tsam strands. Qhov kev tshem tawm no pib los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm DNA strand thiab tsis yog los ntawm nruab nrab. Yog li, DNA helicase tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev txwv exonuclease. Tom qab nthuav tawm cov nitrogenous bases ntawm ib leeg-stranded DNA, coj Deoxyribonucleotides raug teem raws li lub hauv paus ib theem zuj zus, thiab cov hydrogen bonds yog tsim los ntawm DNA polymerase enzyme. Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb no tshwm sim ntawm ob qho tib si DNA. Thaum kawg, phosphodiester bonds yog tsim los ntawm cov nucleotides ua tiav, ua kom tiav cov DNA strand siv DNA ligase enzyme. Thaum kawg ntawm tag nrho cov kauj ruam no, ob lub DNA zoo tib yam yog tsim los ntawm tsuas yog ib leej niam DNA strand.
DNA Transcription yog dab tsi?
Kev txhais lus yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob qhia lossis cov protein synthesis. Feem ntau, kev luam tawm ntawm nitrogenous hauv paus ib ntus ntawm ib feem ntawm DNA strand rau hauv tus tub txib RNA tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm DNA transcription. RNA polymerase enzyme lov cov hydrogen bonds ntawm qhov chaw xav tau ntawm DNA strand thiab qhib ob chav helix qauv kom nthuav tawm cov txheej txheem nitrogenous. RNA polymerase npaj qhov sib txuam Ribonucleotides raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm DNA strand. Tsis tas li ntawd, RNA polymerase enzyme pab tsim cov strand tshiab los ntawm kev tsim cov piam thaj-phosphate bonds. Txij li cov strand tshiab tsim muaj ribonucleotides, nws yog RNA strand, thiab cov strand no muab lub hauv paus sib lawv liag rau cov kauj ruam tom ntej ntawm cov protein synthesis lossis cov noob qhia. Yog li, nws raug xa mus ua tus xa xov RNA strand (mRNA). Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab kev sib cais ntawm cov nitrogenous hauv paus, qhov sib lawv liag hauv mRNA yog tib yam li hauv DNA ib ntus, tshwj tsis yog Thymine bases raug hloov los ntawm Uracil puag. Thaum kawg ntawm kev sau ntawv, ib qho mRNA strand zoo ib yam li cov noob ntawm kev txaus siab hauv DNA strand yog tsim.
Qhov txawv ntawm DNA Replication thiab Transcription yog dab tsi?
• DNA replication ua ob hom DNA zoo tib yam rau tus thawj strand, whereas ib strand ntawm mRNA yog tsim raws li lub hauv paus ib theem zuj zus ntawm ib tug noob ntawm DNA strand nyob rau hauv transcription.
• DNA replication muaj peb enzymes loj, tab sis transcription tsuas muaj ib tug enzyme.
• Deoxyribonucleotides koom nrog hauv DNA replication, tab sis ribonucleotides koom nrog hauv kev sau.
• DNA replication yog tag nrho cov txheej txheem thaum transcription yog ib feem ntawm ib tug txheej txheem.
