Electrostatic vs Electromagnetic
Cov teb hluav taws xob zoo li qub thiab muaj zog yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm electromagnetic teb txoj kev xav. Ib qho chaw sib nqus yog tshwm sim los ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob. Electrostatics thiab electromagnetism yog ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas tau tham hauv electromagnetic teb txoj kev xav. Kev siv ntawm electromagnetism thiab electrostatics yog loj heev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm electrostatics thiab electromagnetism kom nkag siab txog thaj chaw xws li hluav taws xob, hlau nplaum, lub zog tsim hluav taws xob, xov tooj cua thiab lwm yam hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog dab tsi electrostatic thiab electromagnetic yog, cov ntsiab lus ntawm electrostatic thiab electromagnetic, lawv qhov zoo sib xws, thiab thaum kawg qhov txawv ntawm electrostatic thiab electromagnetic.
Electrostatic
Lo lus "electro" txhais tau tias hluav taws xob lossis nqi them. Static txhais tau tias tsis sib txawv nrog lub sijhawm. Lub teb ntawm electrostatics tackles cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob zoo li qub. Muaj ob peb lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv electrostatics. Kev sib nrig sib quab yuam ua rau ob qho nqi ntawm Q1 thiab Q2 tso qhov deb r sib nrug ntawm ib leeg hauv nruab nrab uas muaj kev tso cai ntawm ε, yog F=Q1Q2 / 4πεr 2Yog tias ob qho tib si tsub nqi yog tib lub cim, lub zog yog repellent. Yog hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov cim txawv, lub zog yog txaus nyiam. Lwm lub tswv yim tseem ceeb yog lub peev xwm ntawm hluav taws xob. Qhov no txhais tau tias yog qhov kev ua haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau coj mus kuaj tus nqi ntawm 1C los ntawm infinity mus rau qhov muab. Lub peev xwm vim yog tus nqi taw tes sib npaug Q / 4πεr. Rau lub zog muaj peev xwm ntawm tus nqi Q1, qhov sib npaug peb tau txais yog QQ1 / 4πεr 2 Ib qho hluav taws xob zoo li qub tsis tsim cov hlau nplaum.
Electromagnetic
Electromagnetism yog ib qho ntawm plaub lub zog hauv qhov xwm txheej. Lwm qhov peb yog lub zog tsis muaj zog, lub zog muaj zog thiab lub ntiajteb txawj nqus. Lub sij hawm electromagnetic tuaj yeem tawg ua ob lo lus. Electro txhais tau tias txhua yam uas cuam tshuam nrog tus nqi. Sib nqus txhais tau tias txhua yam uas cuam tshuam nrog cov hlau nplaum. Txoj kev xav ntawm electromagnetic (lossis feem ntau hu ua electromagnetic field theory) piav txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm hluav taws xob thiab hlau nplaum. Lub sij hawm sib txawv hluav taws xob ua rau lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm qhov sib nqus. Lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm qhov sib nqus ua rau lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob. Cov tswv yim no yog siv los tsim cov nthwv dej electromagnetic. Hauv electromagnetism, qhov cuam tshuam los ntawm ob qho tib si hluav taws xob thiab qhov chaw sib nqus raug txiav txim siab. Lub magnetic teb tsim los ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob teb yog ib txwm perpendicular rau hluav taws xob teb thiab yog proportional rau qhov hloov ntawm hluav taws xob teb thiab vice versa. James Clark Maxwell yog tus pioneer hauv postulating electromagnetic txoj kev xav. Txoj kev xav hluav taws xob thiab kev xav sib nqus tau tsim los ntawm lwm tus kws tshawb fawb thiab Maxwell koom ua ke.
Qhov txawv ntawm Electromagnetic thiab Electrostatic yog dab tsi?
• Electrostatic ib txwm hais txog lub sijhawm hluav taws xob tsis sib xws. Qhov no txhais tau tias tsis muaj qhov sib nqus hauv electrostatics. Electromagnetic ib txwm hais txog lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab cov hlau nplaum.
• Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm electromagnetism, cais hluav taws xob zoo li qub tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Electrostatics yog ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm electromagnetics.
