Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm apoptosis thiab programmed cell tuag yog apoptosis yog ib hom kev tuag ntawm tes, thaum programmed cell tuag yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm inducing cell tuag los ntawm ib theem ntawm cov kauj ruam, uas muaj xws li autophagy, apoptosis, thiab necroptosis.
Cell death is a common process in living organisms, including nroj tsuag, uas tshem tawm cov hlwb uas tsis ua hauj lwm los ntawm cov nyob systems. Programmed cell yog tus txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm inducing cell tuag los ntawm ib tug series ntawm systematic cov kauj ruam nrog tsis muaj tseeb mechanisms. Apoptosis thiab autophagy yog subtypes ntawm programmed cell tuag. Programmed cell tuag yog ib tug evolutionarily conserved txheej txheem. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv ntau cov kab mob rau cov kab mob morphogenesis thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob thiab kev saib xyuas cov ntaub so ntswg homeostasis nyob rau hauv lub nruab nrog cev nrog rau cov cell proliferation.
Apoptosis yog dab tsi?
Apoptosis yog ib hom kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes tuag uas ua rau cov cell tuag hauv cov kab mob thaum lub hlwb tsis ua haujlwm. Nws yog coj los ntawm ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg biochemical, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm morphological thiab thaum kawg tuag. Cov kev hloov no yog shrinking ntawm hlwb, nuclear fragmentation, blebbing, condensation ntawm chromatin, mRNA lwj, thiab DNA fragmentation. Apoptosis tsim fragments hu ua apoptotic cev. Cov hlwb no tau nkag mus los ntawm phagocytosis thiab raug tshem tawm ua ntej cov ntsiab lus tawm sab nraud thiab ua rau cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig.
Daim duab 01: Apoptosis
Apoptosis yog txheej txheem tswj hwm, feem ntau yog los ntawm txoj hauv kev los yog sab hauv. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev intrinsic, cov hlwb hnov kev ntxhov siab thiab tua lawv tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev extrinsic, cov hlwb tuag vim yog cov cim los ntawm lwm cov hlwb. Ob txoj hauv kev ua rau cov cell tuag los ntawm kev ua kom cov caspases, uas yog cov enzymes degrading proteins lossis proteases. Ntau dhau apoptosis ua rau atrophy thaum qhov tsis txaus ntawm apoptosis ua rau tsis muaj kev tswj hwm ntawm tes, uas ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Yam xws li caspases thiab Fas receptors induce apoptosis, whereas Bcl-2 tsev neeg ntawm cov proteins inhibits apoptosis. Apoptosis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ob qho kev txhawb nqa thiab inhibition ntawm apoptosis. Txhim kho lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kab mob rau apoptosis rhuav tshem cov kab mob. Inhibition ntawm apoptosis kuj txwv kev puas tsuaj uas tshwm sim los ntawm ischemia hauv cov ntaub so ntswg neural thiab plawv. Nws kuj tseem txhim kho kev kho mob rau cov kab mob xws li HIV thiab ntshav qab zib mellitus.
Programmed Cell Death yog dab tsi?
Programmed cell tuag lossis PCD yog kev tuag ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes vim muaj ntau yam xwm txheej hauv lub xovtooj uas ua rau cov cell tuag. PCD tseem hu ua cellular suicide. Nws yog ua los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem lom neeg hauv lub cev lub neej. Programmed cell tuag ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov tsiaj thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Autophagy thiab apoptosis yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tuag ntawm tes. Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias necrosis tshwm sim raws li ib daim ntawv ntawm kev tuag ntawm tes. Necrosis yog kev tuag ntawm tes uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev tawm tsam sab nraud xws li kev kis kab mob lossis kev raug mob uas tshwm sim hauv ntau hom. Hom kab mob necrosis uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev tuag ntawm tes yog necroptosis. Thaum lub sij hawm daim ntawv no ntawm programmed cell tuag, nws ua raws li ib tug backup program los pib cell tuag thaum lub apoptosis signaling txheej txheem tau inhibited los ntawm exogenous los yog endogenous yam. Cov xwm txheej no suav nrog kev hloov pauv lossis kab mob.
Daim duab 02: Programmed Cell Death
Kev tuag ntawm tes yog txheej txheem nyuaj thiab tsis tseeb. Yog li, programmed cell tuag tsuas yog tshwm sim thaum lub xov tooj ntawm tes tsis ua haujlwm thiab txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm tes sib txawv.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Apoptosis thiab Programmed Cell Death?
- Apoptosis thiab programmed cell tuag yog cov txheej txheem ntau hauv cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj.
- Lawv ntxias cell tuag.
- Ntxiv mus, ob qho tib si txheej txheem tau tshwm sim thaum lub xov tooj ntawm tes ua tsis ua haujlwm.
- Ob leeg apoptosis thiab programmed cell tuag muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov tsis zoo sib xws.
Qhov txawv ntawm Apoptosis thiab Programmed Cell Death yog dab tsi?
Apoptosis yog ib hom kev tuag ntawm tes, thaum programmed cell tuag yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov cell tuag los ntawm ib theem ntawm cov kauj ruam, uas suav nrog autophagy, apoptosis, thiab necroptosis. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm apoptosis thiab programmed cell tuag. Ntxiv mus, subtypes ntawm apoptosis muaj xws li intrinsic thiab extrinsic apoptosis, thiab subtypes ntawm programmed cell tuag muaj xws li apoptosis, autophagy, thiab necroptosis.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm apoptosis thiab programmed cell tuag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Apoptosis vs Programmed Cell Death
Cell death is a common process in living organisms to remove non-functional cells from the living systems. Lub programmed cell yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm inducing cell tuag los ntawm ib tug series ntawm systematic cov kauj ruam nrog tsis muaj tseeb mechanisms. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm apoptosis thiab programmed cell tuag apoptosis yog ib hom programmed cell tuag, thaum programmed cell tuag yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm inducing cell tuag los ntawm ib theem ntawm cov kauj ruam, uas muaj xws li autophagy, apoptosis, thiab necroptosis. Ob leeg apoptosis thiab programmed cell tuag yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov kab mob ntau yam kab mob rau morphogenesis thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob thiab kev saib xyuas cov ntaub so ntswg homeostasis nyob rau hauv lub nruab nrog cev nrog rau cov cell proliferation tsis tu ncua.
