Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm glycolysis krebs lub voj voog thiab cov saw hlau thauj hluav taws xob yog cov txiaj ntsig net. Glycolysis tsim ob pyruvates, ob ATP, thiab ob NADH, thaum Krebs voj voog tsim ob carbon dioxide, peb NADH, ib FADH2,thiab ib ATP. Electron thauj saw, ntawm qhov tod tes, tsim peb caug-plaub ATP thiab ib qho dej molecule.
Cellular respiration yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob metabolic uas tshwm sim hauv cov hlwb ntawm cov kab mob los hloov cov tshuaj siv hluav taws xob los ntawm cov pa oxygen lossis cov as-ham rau hauv ATP thiab tso cov khoom pov tseg. Nws feem ntau suav nrog cov as-ham xws li carbohydrates, fatty acids, thiab cov proteins. Qhov feem ntau oxidizing tus neeg muab tshuaj lub zog yog molecular oxygen. Lub zog tshuaj no khaws cia hauv ATP tsav cov txheej txheem uas xav tau lub zog, xws li biosynthesis, locomotion, lossis kev thauj mus los ntawm cov molecules thoob plaws cell membranes. Kev ua pa ntawm tes yog ib txoj hauv kev uas lub xov tooj ntawm tes tso tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg lub zog los ua cov haujlwm ntawm tes. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tshwm sim hauv ntau txoj hauv kev biochemical. Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, thiab electron thauj saw, uas yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox, yog txoj hauv kev no.
Glycolysis yog dab tsi?
Glycolysis yog ib txoj hauv kev metabolic uas hloov cov piam thaj rau hauv pyruvate. Cov txheej txheem no tshwm sim hauv cytoplasm. Nws yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev rhuav tshem cov piam thaj kom tshem tawm lub zog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cellular metabolism. Glycolysis tseem hu ua thawj kauj ruam hauv kev ua pa ntawm tes. Glycolysis muaj ntau cov kev cuam tshuam rau kev rho tawm lub zog, uas suav nrog kev sib cais ntawm 6-carbon molecule; qabzib rau peb-carbon molecules; pyruvates. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no, lub zog pub dawb tso tawm yog siv los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab xws li adenosine triphosphate (ATP) thiab nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH).
Daim duab 01: Glycolysis
Glycolysis txoj hauv kev muaj kaum qhov kev cuam tshuam catalyzed los ntawm kaum sib txawv enzymes. Txoj kev metabolic no tsis xav tau oxygen, yog li nws suav tias yog txoj hauv kev anaerobic. Glycolysis txoj kev muaj ob theem sib cais: theem npaj, qhov twg ATP tau noj, thiab them nyiaj tawm, qhov twg ATP raug tsim. Txhua theem muaj tsib kauj ruam. Thaum lub sij hawm npaj, thawj tsib kauj ruam yog ua - lawv siv zog los hloov cov piam thaj rau peb-carbon qab zib phosphates. Them tawm theem suav nrog tsib kauj ruam kawg uas muaj qhov nce ntawm lub zog-nplua nuj molecules. Txij li cov piam thaj ua rau ob lub suab thaj triose thaum lub sijhawm npaj, txhua qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv theem them nyiaj tshwm sim ob zaug ntawm cov piam thaj molecule. Yog li, muaj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ob NADH molecules thiab plaub ATP molecules. Qhov nce ntawm glycolysis suav nrog ob lub pyruvate molecules, ob lub NADH molecules, thiab ob lub ATP molecules.
Krebs Cycle yog dab tsi?
Krebs cycle (citric acid voj voog lossis tricarboxylic acid cycle) yog cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tso lub zog khaws cia los ntawm oxidation ntawm acetyl co-A, ob-carbon acetyl pawg uas tau los ntawm carbohydrates, proteins, thiab rog.. Pyruvate, uas yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm glycolysis, hloov mus rau hauv acetyl co-A.
Daim duab 02: Krebs Cycle
Krebs lub voj voog tshwm sim hauv matrix ntawm mitochondria ntawm eukaryotes thiab hauv cytoplasm ntawm prokaryotes. Lub voj voog no yog txoj hauv kev kaw lub voj uas suav nrog yim kauj ruam. Ntawm no, qhov kawg ntawm txoj kev hloov kho cov plaub-carbon molecule, oxaloacetate, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv thawj kauj ruam. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev metabolic no, citric acid uas tau noj yog rov tsim dua nyob rau hauv ib ntu ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tiav lub voj voog. Krebs lub voj voog pib siv acetyl co-A thiab dej, txo cov nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) rau NADH. Yog li ntawd, carbon dioxide yog tsim. Krebs lub voj voog thaum kawg tsim ob lub pa roj carbon dioxide molecules, ib qho GTP lossis ATP, peb lub NADH molecules, thiab ib qho FADH 2 Yim kauj ruam ntawm lub voj voog no suav nrog redox, lub cev qhuav dej, dej, thiab decarboxylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Krebs lub voj voog yog suav tias yog txoj hauv kev aerobic vim siv oxygen.
Electron Transport Chain yog dab tsi?
Cov saw hlau thauj hluav taws xob (ETC) yog txoj hauv kev uas muaj cov txheej txheem protein ntau uas hloov cov hluav taws xob los ntawm cov neeg pub hluav taws xob mus rau cov neeg txais hluav taws xob los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox. Qhov no ua rau hydrogen ions mus rau hauv lub matrix ntawm mitochondria. ETC tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm mitochondria. Ntawm no, qhov concentration gradient yog tsim qhov twg hydrogen ions diffuse tawm ntawm matrix los ntawm kev dhau los ntawm ATP synthase enzyme. Qhov no phosphorylates ADP tsim ATP.
Daim duab 03: Electron Transport Chain
ETC yog kauj ruam kawg ntawm kev ua pa aerobic qhov twg electrons tau dhau los ntawm ib qho nyuaj mus rau lwm qhov, txo cov pa oxygen molecular los tsim dej. Muaj plaub lub protein complexs koom nrog hauv txoj kev no. Lawv tau sau tias complex I, complex II, complex III, thiab complex IV. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm ETC yog qhov muaj lub twj tso kua mis proton los tsim cov proton gradient hla cov mitochondrial membrane. Hauv lwm lo lus, electrons raug kaw los ntawm NADH thiab FADH2 rau molecular oxygen. Ntawm no, protons yog pumped los ntawm lub matrix mus rau lub puab daim nyias nyias ntawm mitochondria, thiab oxygen yog txo mus rau hauv dej. Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm ETC suav nrog peb caug plaub ATP molecules thiab ib qho dej molecule.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Glycolysis Krebs Cycle thiab Electron Transport Chain?
- Glycolysis, Krebs voj voog, thiab cov saw hlau thauj hluav taws xob yog peb kauj ruam koom nrog hauv kev ua pa ntawm tes.
- Txhua peb txoj hauv kev yog enzyme-mediated.
- Txoj kev no tsim ATP.
- Lub voj voog Krebs thiab ETC yog txoj hauv kev aerobic.
- Glycolysis thiab Krebs cycle tsim NADH.
- Ob lub voj voog Krebs thiab ETC tshwm sim hauv mitochondria.
Qhov txawv ntawm Glycolysis Krebs Cycle thiab Electron Transport Chain yog dab tsi?
Glycolysis tsim ob pyruvates, ob ATP, thiab ob NADH, thaum Krebs voj voog tsim ob carbon dioxide, peb NADH, ib FADH2, thiab ib ATP. Electron thauj saw tsim peb caug plaub ATP thiab ib qho dej molecule. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm glycolysis Krebs cycle thiab electron thauj saw. Glycolysis muaj kaum kauj ruam uas koom nrog kaum qhov sib txawv ntawm cov enzymes thiab yog cov kab sib txuas, thaum lub voj voog Krebs muaj yim kauj ruam, thiab nws yog txoj hauv kev kaw txoj hauv kev uas qhov kawg ntawm txoj kev hloov kho cov molecule uas yog siv hauv thawj kauj ruam. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov saw hlau thauj hluav taws xob yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj plaub lub protein complexes thiab tseem yog cov kab sib txuas. Qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm glycolysis krebs cycle thiab electron thauj saw. Tsis tas li ntawd, glycolysis siv ATP thaum Krebs lub voj voog thiab cov saw hlau thauj hluav taws xob tsis haus ATP. Lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm glycolysis krebs cycle thiab electron thauj saw yog tias glycolysis yog txoj hauv kev anaerobic thaum Krebs lub voj voog thiab ETC yog txoj hauv kev aerobic.
Cov lus qhia hauv qab no qhia qhov sib txawv ntawm glycolysis krebs voj voog thiab electron thauj saw nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev.
Summary – Glycolysis vs Krebs Cycle vs Electron Transport Chain
Cellular respiration yog ib txoj hauv kev uas lub xovtooj ntawm tes tso tawm cov tshuaj muaj zog rau roj uas xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes. Qhov no suav nrog peb txoj hauv kev biochemical: Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, thiab Electron thauj saw. Glycolysis yog ib txoj hauv kev metabolic uas hloov cov piam thaj rau hauv pyruvate. Qhov no yog txoj kev anaerobic uas tshwm sim hauv cytoplasm. Glycolysis tseem hu ua thawj kauj ruam hauv kev ua pa ntawm tes. Glycolysis txoj kev muaj kaum qhov kev tshwm sim catalyzed los ntawm kaum sib txawv enzymes. Krebs lub voj voog yog cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tso tawm lub zog khaws cia los ntawm oxidation ntawm acetyl co-A, ob-carbon acetyl pawg. Krebs cycle tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub matrix ntawm mitochondria. Nws yog ib txoj hauv kev kaw txoj kev uas suav nrog yim kauj ruam. Krebs lub voj voog yog theem thib ob ntawm kev ua pa ntawm tes thiab yog txoj hauv kev aerobic. Cov saw hlau thauj hluav taws xob yog ib txoj hauv kev uas muaj cov txheej txheem protein ntau uas hloov cov hluav taws xob los ntawm cov neeg pub hluav taws xob mus rau cov neeg txais hluav taws xob los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox. Nws kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev aerobic uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm mitochondria. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm glycolysis krebs cycle thiab electron thauj saw.
