Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm alpha beta thiab gamma proteobacteria yog tias alpha proteobacteria thiab beta proteobacteria yog monophyletic thaum gamma proteobacteria yog paraphyletic.
Proteobacteria muaj nyob rau hauv phylum ntawm cov kab mob gram-tsis zoo nrog cov txheej txheem sab nrauv uas muaj lipopolysaccharides. Qhov kev faib tawm ntawm proteobacteria no suav nrog ntau yam kab mob, xws li Escherichia, Salmonella, Vibrio, Helicobacter thiab ntau lwm yam tseem ceeb. Muaj rau chav kawm ntawm proteobacteria raws li ribosomal RNA (rRNA) ib ntus. Alpha, beta, thiab gamma yog peb chav kawm ntawm proteobacteria. Cov chav kawm ntawm alpha, beta, delta thiab epsilon chav kawm yog ib txwm monophyletic thaum chav kawm ntawm gamma proteobacteria yog paraphyletic vim yog Acidithiobacillus genus. Cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm Multigenome alignment tau nthuav tawm cov kev soj ntsuam saum toj no.
Alpha Proteobacteria yog dab tsi?
Alphaproteobacteria yog chav kawm ntawm cov kab mob proteobacteria uas ib txwm muaj monophyletic. Lawv yog cov kab mob oligotrophic nyob hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj zaub mov xws li cov dej hiav txwv sib sib zog nqus, cov dej khov nab kuab, thiab cov av tob hauv qab. Nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm no, muaj ob tug taxa li chlamydias thiab rickettsias. Cov kab mob no yog cov kab mob intracellular. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem tsim ATP ntawm lawv tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau cia siab rau cov tswv tsev rau lub zog xav tau.
Daim duab 01: Alpha Proteobacteria
Muaj ntau Rickettsia spp, uas yog tib neeg cov kab mob. R. rickettsii ua rau lub roob pob zeb pom kub taub hau (meningoencephalitis) thaum R. prowazekii ua rau muaj kab mob typhus. Piv txwv li, Chlamydia (C. trachomatis) ua rau mob qhov muag zoo li trachoma, feem ntau ua rau dig muag.
Y Beta Proteobacteria yog dab tsi?
Beta proteobacteria yog lwm chav kawm ntawm cov kab mob proteobacteria uas yog eutrophic, txhais tau tias lawv xav tau ntau cov khoom noj organic. Lawv nquag loj hlob ntawm thaj chaw aerobic thiab anaerobic xws li mammalian txoj hnyuv. Qee cov genera ntawm beta proteobacteria yog tib neeg cov kab mob. Piv txwv li, lub genus; Neisseria yog kab mob tuag taus.
Daim duab 01: Beta Proteobacteria
Cov kab mob N. gonorrhoeae ua rau kis kab mob sib deev hu ua gonorrhoea. N. Meningitides ua rau kab mob meningitis. Neisseria yog cocci uas nyob ntawm qhov mucosal ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Cov kab mob Bordetella pertussis, uas ua rau mob hnoos qeev (hhooping hnoos) kuj yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm beta proteobacteria. Nws yog los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Burkholderiales.
Gamma Proteobacteria yog dab tsi?
Gammaproteobacteria yog cov chav kawm sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob proteobacteria. Lawv yog cov paraphyletic. Cov chav kawm no suav nrog ntau tus tib neeg cov kab mob. Piv txwv li, ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm tsev neeg Pseudomonaceae, uas muaj xws li cov genus Pseudomonas tuaj nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawv no. P. aeruginosa yog ib hom kab mob hauv cov genus saum toj no. Lawv yog gram-negative, nruj me ntsis aerobic, nonfermenting, siab motile tib neeg pathogens. P. Aeruginosa ua rau muaj kab mob urinary, kab mob ua pa, kab mob dermatitis, mob nqaij mos, kab mob bacteremia, pob txha thiab pob qij txha, kab mob plab hnyuv, thiab ntau yam kab mob.
Daim duab 03: Gamma Proteobacteria
Pasteurella haemolytica, uas ua rau mob ntsws hnyav hauv yaj thiab tshis, kuj yog rau gamma proteobacteria. Ntxiv mus, lub genus Haemophilus uas muaj ob tug tib neeg pathogens, H. influenzae thiab H. ducreyi, kuj tuaj nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawv no. Lwm qhov piv txwv nrov rau gamma proteobacteria yog txiav txim Vibrionales, uas suav nrog tib neeg cov kab mob Vibrio cholerae. Vibrio cholera yog tus kab mob ua rau tus kab mob cholera. Qhov no yog vim muaj cov co toxins uas tsim los ntawm Vibrio cholerae t uas ua rau hypersecretion ntawm electrolytes thiab dej hauv cov hnyuv loj. Thaum kawg nws ua rau muaj mob raws plab thiab lub cev qhuav dej.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Alpha Beta thiab Gamma Proteobacteria?
- Lawv yog gram-negative proteobacteria.
- Tag nrho cov chav kawm no muaj tib neeg cov kab mob.
- Lawv txhua tus muaj cov txheej txheem sab nrauv uas yog lipopolysaccharides.
Qhov txawv ntawm Alpha Beta thiab Gamma Proteobacteria yog dab tsi?
Alpha proteobacteria thiab beta proteobacteria yog monophyletic, thaum gamma proteobacteria yog paraphyletic. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm alpha beta thiab gamma proteobacteria. Ntxiv mus, cov chav kawm alpha beta proteobacteria muaj tag nrho cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv zoo li lawv yog monophyletic. Txawm li cas los xij, txij li gamma proteobacteria yog paraphyletic, lawv tsis suav tag nrho cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv. Yog li, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm alpha beta thiab gamma proteobacteria.
Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm alpha beta thiab gamma proteobacteria hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Alpha Beta vs Gamma Proteobacteria
Proteobacteria tau muab faib ua ntau hom, uas raug xa mus los ntawm cov ntawv Greek los ntawm alpha mus rau epsilon. Cov alpha, beta, delta, epsilon seem yog monophyletic, tab sis gamma proteobacteria yog paraphyletic vim yog Acidithiobacillus genus. Qhov no tau raug lees paub los ntawm kev tshawb fawb multigenome alignment. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm alpha beta thiab gamma proteobacteria.
