Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm beryllium thiab magnesium yog tias beryllium atom muaj ob lub zog uas muaj nws cov electrons, thaum magnesium atom muaj peb theem zog uas muaj nws cov electrons.
Beryllium thiab magnesium yog ob qho tib si alkaline ntiaj teb hlau. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias; Ob leeg cov tshuaj no yog nyob rau hauv tib pab pawg (pab pawg 2), tab sis nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm sib txawv, piv txwv li, beryllium nyob rau hauv lub 2nd lub sij hawm thaum magnesium nyob rau hauv lub 3rd.sijhawm.
YBeryllium yog dab tsi?
Beryllium yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj atomic tooj 4 thiab cim Be. Nws zoo nkaus li ci ntsa iab grey khoom ntawm tus qauv kub thiab siab. Piv txwv li, lub caij no tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv lub qab ntuj khwb. Nws yog ib qho kev sib txawv. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias; Nws tuaj yeem los ntawm +2 oxidation xeev ntawm kev tshem tawm ob ntawm nws cov electrons hauv lub plhaub valence. Lub electron configuration ntawm beryllium yog [Nws] 2s 2 Yog li, nws tsis muaj p lossis d orbitals puv electrons. Li no, nws yog s-block element.
Daim duab 01: Beryllium
Beryllium yog cov hlau tawv uas yog nkig thiab. Nws muaj ib tug kaw-packed hexagonal siv lead ua system. Lub zog ntawm cov hlau no yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj qhov tshwj xeeb kub thiab thermal conductivity. Thaum sib txuas rau lwm cov atoms, beryllium muaj lub siab atomic thiab ionic radius vim nws muaj peev xwm ionization siab heev thiab muaj zog polarization.
Magnesium yog dab tsi?
Magnesium yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj atomic naj npawb 12 thiab cim Mg. Nws tshwm sim raws li ib tug grey-ci ci khoom nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub. Magnesium yog nyob rau hauv pawg 2, lub sij hawm 3 nyob rau hauv lub periodic table. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho s-block element. Nws kuj yog ib qho alkaline ntiaj teb hlau (pab pawg 2 tshuaj muaj npe hu ua alkaline ntiaj teb hlau). Cov electron configuration ntawm magnesium yog [Ne]3s2
Daim duab 02: Magnesium
Magnesium yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg ntau hauv lub ntiaj teb. Hauv qhov xwm txheej, nws tshwm sim ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Ntawm no, lub xeev oxidation ntawm magnesium yog +2. Cov hlau dawb yog cov reactive heev, tab sis peb tuaj yeem tsim nws ua cov khoom siv hluavtaws. Nws tuaj yeem hlawv, ua kom lub teeb ci heev. Peb hu nws lub teeb dawb ci ntsa iab. Peb tuaj yeem tau txais magnesium los ntawm electrolysis ntawm magnesium ntsev. Cov ntsev magnesium no tuaj yeem tau los ntawm brine.
Magnesium yog cov hlau hnyav, thiab nws muaj qhov qis tshaj plaws rau melting thiab boiling cov ntsiab lus ntawm alkaline ntiaj teb hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlau no yog nkig thiab yooj yim undergoes tawg nrog rau shear bands. Thaum nws yog alloyed nrog txhuas, lub alloy yuav ductile heev.
Thaum raug huab cua, magnesium tarnishes. Nws kuj tsis tas yuav muaj huab cua tsis muaj chaw cia vim tias nyias txheej ntawm magnesium oxide tiv thaiv nws qhov chaw. Thiab, cov txheej txheem magnesium oxide no yog impermeable thiab nyuaj rau tshem tawm ib yam nkaus.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm magnesium thiab dej tsis nrawm li calcium thiab lwm yam alkaline ntiaj teb hlau. Thaum peb submerge ib daim ntawm magnesium hauv dej, peb tuaj yeem pom cov npuas hydrogen tawm ntawm cov hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrawm nrog dej kub. Ntxiv mus, cov hlau no tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub tawm sab nraud, xws li hydrochloric acid (HCl).
Qhov txawv ntawm Beryllium thiab Magnesium yog dab tsi?
Beryllium thiab magnesium yog ob yam tshuaj hauv tib pawg, tab sis ob lub sijhawm nyob ib sab. Beryllium yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj atomic naj npawb 4 thiab lub cim Be, thaum Magnesium yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj tus lej atomic 12 thiab cim Mg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm beryllium thiab magnesium yog tias beryllium atom muaj ob theem zog uas muaj nws cov electrons, thaum magnesium atom muaj peb theem zog uas muaj nws cov electrons.
Ntxiv mus, cov hlau magnesium muaj qhov qis tshaj plaws melting thiab boiling cov ntsiab lus ntawm alkaline ntiaj teb hlau; Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus melting thiab boiling ntawm beryllium yog siab tshaj magnesium. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm beryllium thiab magnesium yog beryllium yog diamagnetic, thaum magnesium yog paramagnetic.
Summary – Beryllium vs Magnesium
Beryllium thiab magnesium yog ob yam tshuaj hauv tib pawg, tab sis ob lub sijhawm nyob ib sab. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm beryllium thiab magnesium yog tias beryllium atom muaj ob theem zog uas muaj nws cov electrons, thaum magnesium atom muaj peb theem zog uas muaj nws cov electrons.
