Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob qoob loo thiab knockdown yog tias cov noob knockout yog cov txheej txheem uas cov noob ntawm kev txaus siab raug tshem tawm tag nrho (lub xeev tsis ua haujlwm) los kawm txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob thaum gene knockdown yog lwm cov txheej txheem uas cov noob ntawm kev txaus siab yog ntsiag to los tshawb xyuas lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov noob tshwj xeeb hauv cov kab mob lom.
Txoj kev sib txawv ntawm caj ces yog ua haujlwm los tshawb xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob hauv cov kab mob lom neeg. Gene knockout thiab knockdown yog ob txoj kev zoo li no. Cov tswv yim no pab cov kws tshawb fawb los txheeb xyuas qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob sib txawv hauv cov kab mob muaj sia.
Gene Knockout yog dab tsi?
Gene knockout yog txheej txheem caj ces uas ua rau ib lossis ntau cov noob tsis ua haujlwm hauv cov kab mob nyob. Qhov no kuj yog ib qho txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov tawm lossis tshem tawm cov noob ntawm cov kab mob. Thawj daim ntawv thov ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog los kawm txog kev ua haujlwm gene. Cov txheej txheem ntsuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov noob ploj lossis tshem tawm. Cov txheej txheem knockout kuj suav nrog qee cov enzymes thiab cov txheej txheem splicing.
Daim duab 01: Gene Knockout
Muaj qee qhov kev hloov pauv hauv cov txheej txheem gene knockout raws li tus lej ntawm cov noob koom nrog. Lawv yog ob knockout (knockout ntawm ob noob), triple knockout (knockout ntawm peb noob) thiab plaub khob knockout (knockout ntawm plaub noob). Gene knockout yog ntxiv rau hauv ob pawg; heterozygous knockouts thiab homozygous knockouts.
Gene Knockdown yog dab tsi?
Gene knockdown yog ib qho kev sim uas cov txheej txheem no txwv tsis pub lossis txo qhov kev qhia ntawm ib qho gene lossis cov noob ntawm cov kab mob. Gene Silencing yog cov ntsiab lus dav dav rau cov noob qoob loo. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no, kev ua kom lossis degradation ntawm mRNA tsim muaj RNA cuam tshuam (RNAi), cuam tshuam me me RNA (siRNA) thiab luv hairpin RNA (shRNA).
Daim duab 02: Gene Silence
Kev siv cov noob qoob loo yog los tshawb xyuas lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov noob tshwj xeeb hauv cov kab mob lom. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem no ua tiav txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm oncogenes (Bcl-2 thiab P53) thiab cov noob uas ua rau cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb, kab mob kis kab mob thiab kab mob sib kis.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Gene Knockout thiab Knockdown?
- Ob lub noob qoob loo thiab noob qoob loo yog cov txheej txheem caj ces.
- Ob txoj kev no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov noob qhia.
- Qhov kev siv thib ob yog los tshawb xyuas qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob ntawm kev txaus siab.
- Ob leeg muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov kab mob sib txawv (genetic).
- Lawv ob leeg tuaj yeem siv tau rau ib lossis ntau lub noob ntawm kev txaus siab.
Qhov txawv ntawm Gene Knockout thiab Knockdown yog dab tsi?
Gene Knockout vs Knockdown |
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| Gene knockout yog nyob rau hauv-kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob (tshem cov noob los ntawm DNA) ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm cov txheej txheem genetic sib txawv. | Gene knockdown yog ib qho kev sim tshuaj tua kab mob (txo lossis silence) qhov kev qhia ntawm ib qho gene lossis cov noob ntawm cov kab mob. |
| Pab kom muaj kev kawm txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov noob ploj. | Pab txhawb txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm oncogenes, cov noob uas ua rau cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb, kab mob kis kab mob, thiab cov kab mob sib kis. |
| Kev koom tes ntawm RNA Agents | |
| Kev koom tes ntawm RNA cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem no. | Cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm xws li siRNA, shRNA, thiab RNAi kom tsis txhob siv mRNA. |
| siv tshuaj tua kab mob | |
| siv cov tshuaj enzymes. | Tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg siv. |
| Effect on Gene | |
| Txiav cov noob ntawm DNA. | Suppress or silence the gene. |
| Kev faib tawm | |
| Ob khob khob, triple knockout thiab quadruple knockout thiab heterozygous thiab homozygous knockout yog ntau hom noob knockout. | Tsis muaj cov txheej txheem kev faib tawm no muaj rau kev kaw cov noob. |
Summary – Gene Knockout vs Gene Knockdown
Ob txoj kev peb tau tham ntawm no; cov noob knockout thiab knockdown, yog txoj hauv kev los tshawb xyuas cov haujlwm ntawm cov noob sib txawv. Gene knockout tag nrho ua rau cov noob tsis ua haujlwm thaum gene knockdown silence cov noob ntawm kev txaus siab. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv cov kab mob gene. Cov neeg ua haujlwm sib txawv muaj peev xwm ua tiav ob txoj haujlwm no. Gene knock out yog hom kev tshem tawm thaum gene knockdown yog hom inactivation. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm noob pob tawm thiab knockdown.
