Bitmap vs Vector
Hauv computer graphics, Bitmap thiab Vector graphics yog ob hom ntaub ntawv uas siv los khaws cov duab digital. Cov hom ntawv bitmap siv cov array ntawm cov khoom siv nrog rau qhov chaw ntawm txhua qhov me me; uas yog, daim ntawv qhia ntawm cov khoom los sawv cev rau daim duab. Bitmap belongs rau raster graphics duab hom chav kawm. Cov duab vector duab siv cov duab geometric yooj yim xws li cov ntsiab lus, kab, nkhaus, thiab polygons los sawv cev duab.
Ntau txog Bitmap
Ib daim duab qhia ntawm cov khoom sawv cev rau cov duab ua ib qho array yog hu ua bitmap. Ib yam li ntawd, daim duab qhia ntawm pixels hu ua pixmap. Los ntawm qee qhov kev xav, nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias daim ntawv qhia nrog 1-ntsis ib pixel ua ib daim ntawv qhia me me thiab daim ntawv qhia nrog ntau - cov khoom ib pixel raws li daim ntawv qhia pix. Nyob rau hauv uncompressed hom ntawm bitmaps, duab pixels yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv sib txawv xim qhov tob nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, thiab 32 pixels. Xim qhov tob qis dua 8-ntsis yog siv los khaws cov xim grey lossis cov nplai xim xim.
Bitmap cov duab tau txais kev cawmdim nrog qhov txuas ntxiv.bmp. Cov ntaub ntawv tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm daim duab duab tuaj yeem tau los ntawm qhov loj=dav • qhov siab • n/8, qhov siab thiab qhov dav yog muab hauv pixels, thiab n yog xim qhov tob thiab qhov loj me yog cov ntaub ntawv loj hauv bytes. Nrog n-ntsis xim qhov tob, ib qho bitmap tuaj yeem suav nrog 2n xim hauv daim duab. Raws li kev nthuav dav, cov pixels uas muaj cov duab bitmap pom zoo ib yam li cov duab raster xws li TIFF lossis JPEG, ua rau cov duab tsis meej.
Ntau txog Vector Graphics
Cov duab Vector siv cov duab geometric yooj yim thiab cov duab los sawv cev rau ib daim duab, qhov twg tag nrho cov khoom tau sawv cev nrog kev qhia lej. Cov duab yog tsim los ntawm kev siv txoj hauv kev los yog strokes (vectors sawv cev rau cov duab lossis cov duab geometric) dhau los ntawm kab sib chaws ntawm cov ntsiab lus tswj tau kos rau hauv cov phiaj xwm ua haujlwm rau daim duab nrog cov kev sib koom ua ke. Duab muaj cov lus qhia los tsim cov hlab ntsha nrog cov duab, xim thiab tuab. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas qhia lub computer kos duab; yog li ntawd, ib qho kev hloov pauv hauv cov kev txwv no tsis cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub ntawv loj heev. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, raws li kev nthuav dav, tsis zoo li cov duab raster qhov zoo ntawm cov duab tsis hloov pauv loj. Qhov no yog vim cov duab vector tsim cov duab raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv es tsis yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov chaw.
Vector duab yog siv nyob rau hauv niaj hnub 2D thiab 3D daim ntawv thov. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws typography kuj yog raws li vector graphics. Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv niaj hnub thiab cov lus qhia tseem yog cov khoom siv raster; Yog li ntawd, hauv kev nthuav tawm lossis luam ntawv, vector duab yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau hauv cov duab raster thiab yog ib qho yooj yim txheej txheem. Hauv cov txheej txheem, cov ntaub ntawv loj ntawm cov duab NW nyuam qhuav hloov. Tab sis kev hloov cov duab raster rau vector duab yog ib qho nyuaj heev vim yog cov duab thiab cov duab hauv cov duab raster, uas yuav tsum tau sawv cev los ntawm kev qhia lej. Cov cuab yeej zoo li lub koob yees duab thiab cov tshuab luam ntawv ua haujlwm raws li cov duab raster ntau dua li ntawm cov duab vector. Nws yog qhov ua tsis tau zoo los hloov cov duab zoo li no rau cov duab vector vim qhov nyuaj ntawm kev hloov pauv yuav tsum tau ua.
Vector duab cov ntaub ntawv siv cov ntaub ntawv hom SVG thiab CGM.
Qhov txawv ntawm Bitmap thiab Vector Graphics yog dab tsi?
• Cov duab bitmap yog tsim nrog daim duab qhia ntawm pixels uas muaj qee qhov xim qhov tob, thaum cov duab vector yog tsim los siv cov duab geometric yooj yim thiab cov lus qhia lej sib xws.
• Thaum ua kom pom cov duab raster, qhov pib bitmaps qhia cov pixels theem pib ua qhov poob tseem ceeb hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim duab saib, thaum cov duab vector qhia qis qis heev hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov duab.
