Scalar Quantity vs Vector Quantity
lej thiab physics yog ob qho kev kawm tsim los ntawm peb los piav txog ntau yam tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig peb. Qhov no haum zoo kawg nkaus rau cov khoom uas ntsuas tau siv lej thiab physics. Scalar thiab vector yog kev faib tawm ntawm qhov ntau hauv physics. Muaj qee qhov ntau uas tsuas muaj ib qhov loj me uas yog tus lej muab rau lawv thaum muaj lwm tus uas tseem muaj qhov loj me ntawm kev taw qhia rau lawv. Piv txwv ntawm thawj hom yog qhov ntev, cheeb tsam, siab, kub, lub zog, kev ua haujlwm, thiab lub zog thaum piv txwv ntawm hom uas xav tau kev taw qhia yuav tsum tau hais yog kev tshaj tawm, kev txav chaw, acceleration, momentum, force thiab lwm yam. Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ob hom ntau uas yuav tau tham hauv kab lus no.
Qhov sib txawv yooj yim tshaj plaws, uas tseem yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas thiab vector ntau, yog tias qhov ntsuas ntsuas tsuas muaj qhov loj me xwb qhov vector ntau muaj qhov loj thiab cov kev taw qhia cuam tshuam nrog lawv. Cia peb nkag siab qhov no nrog kev pab ntawm ob peb yam piv txwv.
Yog koj piav txog thaj chaw ntawm ib chav, koj tsis tas yuav qhia nws cov lus qhia, koj puas yog? Nws zoo nkaus li absurd yuav tau tham nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev taw qhia ntawm cheeb tsam ntawm ib chav tsev. Tab sis yog, muaj cov ntsiab lus uas xav tau kev taw qhia thiab tsis hais txog kev taw qhia, lawv tsis muaj qab hau, xws li kev tshaj tawm, thiab kev txav chaw. Yog hais tias ib tug me nyuam tub khiav ntawm ib ncig ntawm ib ncig ntawm 500 meters, koj hais yog lawm hais tias nws npog ib tug deb ntawm 500 meters thaum nws ua tiav ib lub voj voog. Tab sis txij li thaum nws rov qab los rau qhov pib, nws tsis tau sau npe rau kev hloov pauv. Tib yam tuaj yeem hais txog lub pob zeb uas tau muab pov ncaj nraim rau saum ntuj thiab rov qab los rau nws qhov chaw pib. Tsis muaj kev hloov pauv txawm hais tias nws tau them qhov kev ncua deb ntawm nws txoj kev mus.
Yog tias koj tham txog qhov ntim ntawm lub khob, koj tsis tas yuav qhia nws cov lus qhia, tab sis koj yuav ua li cas yog tias koj nug txog qhov chaw ntawm lub khob? Kev taw qhia ua rau peb pom tias lub khob nyob qhov twg. Ib qhov ntau uas yog vector kom muaj nuj nqis yog qhov nrawm ntawm cov khoom txav. Txawm hais tias koj tuaj yeem khiav tawm thaum koj hais tias qhov ceev ntawm lub tsheb txav yog 50mph, tib yam tsis tuaj yeem hais thaum koj tab tom tham txog nws qhov nrawm. Velocity xav tau kev taw qhia, thiab yog li koj yuav tsum suav nrog nws thaum piav qhia qhov nrawm. Yog li koj yuav tsum tau hais tias lub tsheb muaj qhov nrawm ntawm 50 mph nyob rau sab qaum teb. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev tshaj tawm yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev vim nws ua rau kev nkag siab ntawm kev nrawm, qhov yooj yim ntawm kev nkag siab txog kev txav ntawm peb cov ntiaj chaw, aircrafts thiab spacecrafts.
In luv:
Scalar Quantity thiab Vector Quantity
• Feem ntau ntawm qhov ntau tau muab faib ua scalar thiab vector kom muaj nuj nqis.
• Scalar kom muaj nuj nqis tsuas muaj qhov loj thaum vector ntau muaj ob qhov loj thiab kev taw qhia.
• Piv txwv ntawm scalar kom muaj nuj nqis yog qhov ntev, ceev, ua haujlwm, lub zog, kub thiab lwm yam thaum piv txwv ntawm vector kom muaj nuj nqis yog tshaj tawm, hloov pauv, nrawm, quab yuam, hnyav thiab lwm yam.
