Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj sia nyob yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj cov kab mob uas tsis muaj zog lossis txo qis, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tau tua lossis hloov pauv.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog yog ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim thiab nyab xeeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv tib neeg los ntawm ntau yam kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kab mob thiab kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tib neeg los ntawm cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem tiv nrog lawv. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum lub cev raug tus kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj cov kab mob tsis muaj zog lossis tua cov kab mob xws li kab mob lossis kab mob. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsis ua rau tib neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo tom qab siv.
Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Nyob Dab Tsi yog Dab Tsi?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob qis qis yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj cov kab mob (cov kab mob, cov kab mob) uas tau ua kom tsis muaj zog (ua kom qis). Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv attenuated yog tsim los ntawm kev txo cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv attenuated, tus kab mob tseem siv tau. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm attenuation, cov kab mob kis tau hloov ua kom lawv tsis tshua muaj kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog uas tsim los ntawm kev tua cov kab mob.
Daim duab 01: Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Nyob Hauv Lub Neej
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qis qis ua rau muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob uas kav ntev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv atenuated ua rau lub cev muaj zog thiab ruaj khov dua nrog kev tiv thaiv sai. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv atenuated yog los txhawb lub cev los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov hlwb hauv cov lus teb rau cov kab mob tshwj xeeb xws li kab mob thiab kab mob. Cov piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj xws li mumps, rubella, kub taub hau daj, thiab qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem siv tau ntau txoj hauv kev: txhaj tshuaj (subcutaneous thiab intradermal) lossis mucosal (qhov ntswg lossis qhov ncauj). Piv nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub cev muaj zog ntau dua rau kev txhaj tshuaj tsis raug.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog yog dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj cov kab mob (cov kab mob, kab mob, fungi) uas tau tua lossis hloov pauv. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv tua yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj cov kab mob, kab mob lossis lwm yam kab mob uas raug tua los rhuav tshem nws lub peev xwm tsim cov kab mob. Cov kab mob rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv inactivated loj hlob raws li kev tswj xyuas. Tom qab ntawd lawv raug tua kom txo tau cov kab mob no, tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov kab mob raug tua los ntawm kev siv cua sov lossis formaldehyde. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob, kab mob thiab cov fungi kuj tsis ua haujlwm los ntawm kev siv txoj kev poring maj mam. Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog txhawb lub cev los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob qeeb qeeb dua li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Daim duab 02: Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Tsis Muaj Zog
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog tuaj yeem raug cais ntxiv nyob ntawm txoj kev siv los tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv dab (cov kab mob dab), cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tag nrho, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib cais, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv subunit. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog muab kev tiv thaiv zoo dua rau cov neeg laus thiab cov neeg muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Nyob Hauv Qhov Ncauj thiab Tsis Ua Haujlwm?
- Ob qho tshuaj tiv thaiv siv cov kab mob xws li kab mob thiab kab mob.
- Lawv muab tshuaj tiv thaiv rau tib neeg tiv thaiv kab mob phem.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no ua rau muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Lawv ob leeg tau pom zoo los ntawm World He alth Organization (WHO) rau cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj.
Qhov txawv ntawm Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Nyob Hauv Qhov Ncauj thiab Inactivated yog dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob qis qis yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj cov kab mob uas tsis muaj zog los yog tau txo qis. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj cov kab mob uas tau raug tua lossis raug hloov pauv. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua kom muaj zog txhawb lub cev muaj zog thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog txhawb kev tiv thaiv lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab tsis zoo.
Hauv qab no yog cov npe ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob qis thiab tsis muaj zog hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau kev sib piv ib sab.
Summary – Live Attenuated vs Inactivated Vaccines
Ib tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg uas muab kev tiv thaiv kab mob kis tau zoo rau ib tus kab mob sib kis. Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv ib txwm muaj cov kab mob lom neeg uas zoo li cov kab mob ua rau kab mob. Nws feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj zog lossis tua cov microbe, nws cov co toxins, lossis ib qho ntawm nws cov proteins. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum lub cev raug tus kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob qis qis thiab tsis muaj zog yog ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob qis qis muaj cov kab mob uas tau ua tsis muaj zog lossis raug txo qis. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog muaj cov kab mob uas tau tua los yog hloov pauv. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob attenuated thiab inactivated.
