Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob vector thiab mRNA cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob viral siv cov kab mob hloov kho lossis cov kab mob xa cov kab mob caj ces rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau tib neeg lub hlwb, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA siv ib daim qauv ntawm mRNA los encode cov noob los tsim. cov antigens.
Tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev los tawm tsam cov kab mob lossis cov neeg tawm tsam txawv teb chaws los tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob. Lawv feem ntau qhia cov kab mob uas tsis muaj mob lossis tus kab mob los ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj cov kab mob tua lossis tsis muaj zog los yog tus kab mob. Ob qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob vector thiab mRNA tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov thev naus laus zis tshiab. Lawv siv cov kab mob tsis zoo los yog tus kab mob los xa cov kab mob caj ces ntawm cov hom phiaj antigens rau cov hlwb. Qhov no pab txhawb kev tsim cov antigens los txhawb kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Vector yog dab tsi?
Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kab mob yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas siv lub cev lub hlwb los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yeej muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob viral siv lub cev lub hlwb los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov no siv tus kab mob hloov kho lossis vector kom xa cov kab mob caj ces rau antigen rau hauv tib neeg lub hlwb. Thaum cov hlwb raug mob thiab tsim cov antigens ntau, nws ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov no ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kab mob ntuj tsim nrog cov kab mob, ua rau muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm T hlwb thiab tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm B hlwb.
Daim duab 01: Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Vector
Viruses feem ntau rov ua dua thiab muaj sia nyob tom qab muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus tswv tsev cell. Lawv coj cov txheej txheem tsim cov protein, nyeem tus kab mob 'genetic code thiab tsim cov kab mob tshiab. Cov kab mob no muaj cov tshuaj antigens uas ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Tus kab mob vector ua raws li kev xa khoom los muab txhais tau tias txhawm rau txhawm rau lub hlwb thiab ntxig tus lej rau tus kab mob antigens ntawm tus kab mob. Muaj ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob viral vector: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis yog rov ua dua thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv vector. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv vector uas tsis yog rov ua dua tsis tsim cov kab mob tshiab, tab sis lawv tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antigen. Tab sis, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv vector tsim cov kab mob tshiab thiab tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antigen kom kis tau cov hlwb. Ntau yam kab mob yog tsim los ua tus kab mob vectors. Lawv yog adenovirus, kab mob qhua pias, thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob viral vector kuj tseem tiv thaiv cov kab mob xws li Ebola virus thiab Covid 19.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA yog dab tsi?
mRNA tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas siv ib daim qauv ntawm mRNA los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. mRNA los yog messenger RNA yog ib hom RNA uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov protein. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA qhia txog lub neej luv luv nucleoside-hloov mRNA (modRNA) ntawm tus kab mob rau hauv tus neeg txhaj tshuaj. modRNA yog ib qho kev sib txuas ua ke ntawm RNA ib ntus. txij li thaum cov antigens tsim nyob rau hauv lub host cell, nws stimulates cellular thiab humoral tiv thaiv. mRNA siv cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov noob rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov protein. Thaum cov hlwb ua tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm cov protein synthesis, lawv degrade mRNA.
Daim duab 02: mRNA Tshuaj tiv thaiv
mRNA los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis nkag mus rau hauv lub nucleus thiab hloov DNA. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA qhia ib daim qauv ntawm mRNA uas sib haum mus rau cov kab mob kis kab mob nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm tus kab mob. Siv cov mRNA no, cov hlwb tsim cov kab mob protein. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob lees paub qhov no yog cov protein txawv teb chaws thiab tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsim tawm, nws tseem nyob hauv lub cev txawm tias tom qab lub cev tau tshem tawm cov kab mob. Qhov no tso cai rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los teb sai dua yog tias nws raug rau cov kab mob ntxiv. mRNA tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis xws li kab mob khaub thuas, kab mob Zika, kab mob rabies, Covid 19, thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA kuj tseem siv los tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA yog txhawm rau txhawb kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau cov kab mob tshwj xeeb.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Viral Vector thiab mRNA Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv?
- Nyob rau hauv ob qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tsim nyob rau hauv tus tswv tsev cell.
- Ob qho tshuaj tiv thaiv yog txhaj rau cov leeg.
- Lawv tawm tsam cov kab mob zoo sib xws xws li Covid 19 thiab SARS-CoV-2.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no muaj tus kab mob tsis ua haujlwm.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Viral Vector thiab mRNA Vaccines?
Viral vectors siv tus kab mob hloov kho lossis vector kom xa cov kab mob caj ces rau antigen rau hauv tib neeg lub hlwb. Replicating vector vaccines tsim cov kab mob tshiab thiab tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antigen kom kis tau cov hlwb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA siv ib daim qauv ntawm mRNA los encode cov noob los tsim cov antigens. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA txhob txwm tshaj tawm cov hluavtaws RNA rau hauv cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob vector thiab mRNA tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob viral vector tawm tsam tus kab mob Ebola, Covid 19, thiab lwm yam. mRNA tshuaj tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj kis kab mob xws li kab mob khaub thuas, kab mob Zika, kab mob rabies, Covid 19 thiab lwm yam. mRNA tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj tseem siv los tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav. Yog li, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob vector thiab mRNA tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Summary – Viral Vector vs mRNA Vaccines
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kab mob kis rau lub cev cov hlwb thiab ntxig lawv cov khoom siv caj ces rau hauv cov nuclei ntawm cov hlwb. Thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txawv teb chaws, lawv tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no suav nrog T hlwb thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua B. Ntau yam kab mob yog tsim los ua tus kab mob vectors. mRNA tshuaj tiv thaiv siv ib daim qauv ntawm mRNA los encode cov noob los tsim cov antigens. mRNA yog ntxiv rau ib qho ntawm cov DNA ntawm cov noob. Ntawm no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA qhia txog mRNA, encoding kab mob tshwj xeeb antigens thiab txhawb nqa cov protein synthesis ntawm cov tswv tsev cell los tsim cov antigens. Qhov no ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob vector thiab mRNA tshuaj tiv thaiv.
