Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaiv khoom tsim thiab kev tsim noob caj noob ces yog qhov kev xaiv khoom tsim tau xaiv cov yam ntxwv uas twb muaj lawm los ntawm kev yug me nyuam cov tib neeg uas muaj cov yam ntxwv tsim nyog thaum cov noob caj noob ces hloov pauv cov noob caj noob ces ntawm cov nroj tsuag lossis tsiaj txhu los ntawm kev qhia cov noob ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshiab lossis cov noob caj noob ces.
Genetic engineering yog qhov chaw tshiab hauv Biotechnology. Nws tso cai rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce ntawm lub cev. Cov yam ntxwv muaj txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cev los ntawm kev sib txuas DNA thev naus laus zis. Kev xaiv Artificial yog ib hom kev siv tshuaj genetic engineering. Hauv kev xaiv khoom tsim, cov neeg yug tsiaj xaiv cov neeg uas xav tau qhov zoo nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav yug me nyuam, thiab qee qhov kev xaiv zoo tau khaws cia ntau tiam neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog txheej txheem qeeb thiab nyuaj piv rau genetic engineering.
Kev xaiv Artificial yog dab tsi?
Txoj kev xaiv, tseem hu ua kev xaiv yug me nyuam, yog ib qho txheej txheem uas cov tib neeg uas xav tau kev yug me nyuam. Los ntawm kev xaiv khoom tsim, cov kws yug tsiaj tswj xyuas lawv cov tsiaj lossis cov nroj tsuag twg tuaj yeem yug. Yog li ntawd, tej yam zoo tshwm sim dua ib tiam dhau ib tiam. Cov cwj pwm no qhia tau hais tias muaj ntau dua nyob rau hauv cov pej xeem. Kev xaiv Artificial yog ib hom kev siv tshuaj genetic engineering. Thaum muab piv rau genetic engineering, kev xaiv cov khoom siv dag zog yog cov txheej txheem qeeb thiab nyuaj. Ntxiv mus, qee qhov zoo tsis tuaj yeem xaiv los ntawm kev xaiv khoom cuav. Nws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv xws li kev nthuav dav ntawm cov noob caj noob ces deleterious recessive. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev xaiv khoom cuav tsis tso cai qhia cov yam ntxwv tshiab rau cov kab mob.
Daim duab 01: Kev Xaiv Tsaus Ntuj
Kev xaiv kos duab zoo ib yam li kev xaiv ntuj. Tab sis kev xaiv khoom tsim los ntawm tib neeg thaum xaiv ntuj tsim yog txheej txheem ntuj tsim. Kev xaiv cov khoom cuav yog siv ntau zaus hauv kev ua liaj ua teb txhawm rau tsim cov tsiaj txhu thiab cov qoob loo nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Piv txwv li, broccoli, cauliflower, thiab cabbage yog tag nrho cov muab los ntawm cov qus mustard nroj tsuag los ntawm kev xaiv yug me nyuam.
Dab tsi yog Genetic Engineering?
Genetic engineering yog ib txoj kev tsim khoom ua kom tiav nyob rau hauv uas cov caj ces muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ib tug kab mob yog hloov los ntawm recombinant DNA technology. Thaum lub sij hawm txheej txheem genetic engineering, ib tug paub gene yog qhia los hloov lub ntuj genetic muaj pes tsawg leeg, siv ib tug vector system. Cov noob ntawm kev txaus siab yog cloned rau ib tug sib haum vector. Vectors tuaj yeem yog plasmids xws li pBR322, Ti plasmid ntawm Agrobacterium tumerfaciens lossis cov kab mob xws li Tobacco Mosaic Virus thiab Cauliflower Mosaic virus, thiab lwm yam. Gene transformation method xws li electroporation, biolistic gene gun method, thiab PEG mediated gene transfer kuj yog siv los qhia cov DNA txawv teb chaws rau cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Thaum ua tiav cov txheej txheem hloov pauv, cov hloov pauv thiab cov tsis hloov pauv lossis cov nroj tsuag raug xaiv siv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb xws li GUS assay.
Daim duab 02: Genetic Engineering
Cov kab mob thiab cov nroj tsuag tau tsim cov noob caj noob ces yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam. Cov kab mob lossis cov nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm tsim tau cov khoom sib txawv xws li amino acids, proteins, vitamins thiab tshuaj tua kab mob yog tsim los ntawm genetic engineering. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov noob qoob loo tau tsim cov qoob loo xws li tshuaj tua kab mob rau txiv lws suav thiab BT Maize, thiab lwm yam.kuj tsim los ua khoom noj. Txawm hais tias cov khoom lag luam tsim khoom noj khoom haus yuav yog txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev xav tau khoom noj khoom haus thoob ntiaj teb thiab cov pej xeem nce, kev tsim kho caj ces ntawm cov qoob loo lossis tsiaj txhu muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev sib raug zoo thiab kev coj ncaj ncees, uas tau sib cav txog thoob plaws ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb hauv zej zog.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Kev Xaiv Cov Khoom Siv thiab Kev Tsim Nyog Kev Tsim Nyog?
- Kev xaiv kos duab yog hom kev tsim kho caj ces feem ntau.
- Ob leeg tso cai hloov ib hom ntawm ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb.
- Cov txheej txheem no yog siv rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab tsiaj txhu tsiaj.
- Cov neeg ua liaj ua teb siv ob txoj hauv kev los cog qoob loo.
- Ob txoj kev pab txhawb rau evolution.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Artificial Selection thiab Genetic Engineering?
Kev xaiv kos duab yog cov txheej txheem uas xaiv cov tib neeg uas xav tau kev yug me nyuam thaum genetic engineering yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv cov caj ces ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm kev siv tshuab thev naus laus zis. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaiv khoom tsim thiab kev tsim noob caj noob ces. Ntxiv mus, manipulation ntawm noob yog indirectly ua nyob rau hauv kev xaiv dag, thaum noob yog ncaj qha manipulated nyob rau hauv genetic engineering.
Hauv qab infographic qhia ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm kev xaiv khoom tsim thiab kev tsim noob caj noob ces hauv daim ntawv teev npe.
Summary – Artificial Selection vs Genetic Engineering
Txoj kev xaiv thiab genetic engineering yog ob txoj hauv kev uas tso cai rau hloov hom tsiaj hauv ib txoj kev. Artificial xaiv xaiv cov yam ntxwv uas xav tau los ntawm kev yug me nyuam ib tus neeg muaj qhov xav tau. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib txoj kev ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv cov noob yog manipulated indirect los ntawm xaiv cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv uas xav tau zoo. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, genetic engineering hloov cov caj ces muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm kev ntxiv los yog silencing noob los ntawm recombinant DNA technology. Hauv kev tsim cov noob caj noob ces, cov noob caj noob ces ncaj qha manipulated. Ob qho txheej txheem yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv. Ntxiv mus, ob txheej txheem yog siv nyob rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab domestication ntawm cov tsiaj. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev xaiv khoom tsim thiab kev tsim noob caj noob ces.
