Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm abiogenesis thiab spontaneous tiam yog tias abiogenesis yog txoj kev xav uas hais tias tag nrho lub neej pib los ntawm inorganic molecules thaum spontaneous tiam yog txoj kev xav hais tias lub neej nyuaj tshwm sim spontaneously thiab txuas ntxiv los ntawm nonliving teeb meem.
Abiogenesis thiab spontaneous tiam yog ob txoj kev xav uas sim piav qhia tias lub neej hauv ntiaj teb tau pib li cas thiab muaj sia nyob. Ob txoj kev xav no piav qhia txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub neej los ntawm cov khoom tsis muaj sia. Abiogenesis piav qhia txog tiam ntawm cov kab mob primitive thaum lub sij hawm spontaneous tiam piav txog tiam ntawm cov kab mob nyuaj.
Abiogenesis yog dab tsi?
Abiogenesis yog ib txoj kev xav uas hais tias lub neej hauv ntiaj teb tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsis muaj sia nyob ntau dua 3.5 billion xyoo dhau los. Nws kuj hais tias thawj lub neej tsim nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yog heev yooj yim thiab primitive. Txij li thaum abiogenesis hais tias lub neej yog los ntawm nonlife, qhov kev xav no yog qhov txawv ntawm biogenesis. Qhov kev xav no tau raug suav tias yog evolutionary theory. Stanley Miller yog ib tus pioneers hauv kev tsim abiogenesis txoj kev xav.
Daim duab 01: Abiogenesis – Miller Experiment
Raws li abiogenesis, cov organic molecules yog tsim los ntawm cov rog lossis cov khoom siv tsis yog khoom. Lub synthesis ntawm ob qho tib si proteins thiab RNA nyob rau hauv lub laboratory yog pov thawj ntawm qhov tseeb. Abiogenesis sib cav hais tias tus kheej-replicating molecules, ua ke nrog rau lwm cov molecules, tej zaum yuav tau tsim cov qauv ntawm lub neej, uas yog lub cell. Cov qauv ntawm tus kheej no yog RNA molecules, thiab cov RNA molecules no tau hloov mus ua cov proteins lossis DNA vim kev hloov pauv.
Txoj kev xav Oparin-Haldane kuj tau lees tias cov organic molecules tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv abiogenic nyob rau hauv muaj lub zog sab nraud. Yog li ntawd, cov tswv yim ntawm Oparin-Haldane txoj kev xav tau tsim lub hauv paus rau ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawm abiogenesis uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo tom ntej.
Dab tsi yog ib tiam dhau los?
Spontaneous generation is an obsolete theory that states life can comes from nonliving matter. Greek philosopher Aristotle thawj zaug tau npaj qhov kev xav ntawm tiam neeg no. Raws li qhov kev xav no, cov kab mob no tsis nqis los ntawm lwm yam kab mob lossis los ntawm niam txiv. Nws tsuas yog xav kom muaj qee yam xwm txheej hauv lawv ib puag ncig kom ua tiav thiaj li tsim tau. Spontaneous tiam piav txog tiam ntawm cov kab mob complex. Qee qhov piv txwv yog cov plua plav tsim fleas, maggots tshwm sim los ntawm cov nqaij rotting, thiab qhob cij los yog hom qoob mog sab laug nyob rau hauv ib lub ces kaum tsaus ua nas, thiab lwm yam.
Daim duab 02: Francesco Redi Kev sim
Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb, suav nrog Francesco Redi, John Needham, Lazzaro Spallanzani, thiab Louis Pasteur, tau ua qhov kev sim sib txawv / kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb los ua pov thawj qhov kev xav no. Francesco Redi tau qhia tias maggots tshwm sim los ntawm cov qe ntawm yoov tshaj li ncaj qha los ntawm rotting. Tom qab ntawd, Louis Pasteur tau sim nrog cov flasks nrog twisted caj dab (swan-neck flasks) thiab ua pov thawj sterilized broths hauv swan caj dab flasks tseem tsis muaj menyuam. Tshwj tsis yog tias microbes nthuav tawm sab nraud los ntawm huab cua, cov kua zaub tseem tsis muaj menyuam, thiab tsis muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob. Pasteur qhov kev sim ua pov thawj qhov kev xav ntawm tiam neeg los ntawm kev ua pov thawj "lub neej tsuas yog los ntawm lub neej".
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Abiogenesis thiab Spontaneous Generation?
- Ob qho tib si abiogenesis thiab spontaneous tiam hais tias muaj sia nyob los ntawm yam tsis muaj sia.
- Ob txoj kev xav no tsis siv lawm, yog li lawv tsis siv txoj kev xav.
Qhov txawv ntawm Abiogenesis thiab Spontaneous Generation yog dab tsi?
Abiogenesis yog ib txoj kev xav ntawm kev tsim cov organic molecules los ntawm inorganic qhov chaw thaum spontaneous tiam yog ib txoj kev xav ntawm kev tsim lub neej nyuaj los ntawm cov khoom tsis muaj sia. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm abiogenesis thiab spontaneous tiam. Ntxiv mus, abiogenesis theorizes tias lub neej thaum ub (tus kheej-replicating RNA thiab protein molecules, thiab lwm yam) originated los ntawm nonliving teeb meem thaum spontaneous tiam theorizes rau tiam ntawm lub neej complex (nas thiab maggots, thiab lwm yam) los ntawm nonliving teeb meem. Tsis tas li ntawd, abiogenesis tsis tau ua pov thawj lossis tsis lees paub. Tab sis qhov kev xav ntawm tiam neeg tsis tau pom dua.
Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm abiogenesis thiab spontaneous tiam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Abiogenesis vs Spontaneous Generation
Abiogenesis thiab spontaneous tiam yog ob txoj kev xav uas lub xeev muaj sia nyob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom tsis muaj sia. Yog li ntawd, ob txoj kev xav ntseeg tias cov khoom tsis muaj sia tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov kab mob nyob. Abiogenesis feem ntau tham txog tiam ntawm cov kab mob thaum ub, thaum lub sijhawm tiam neeg txoj kev xav tham txog tiam ntawm cov kab mob nyuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tau ua pov thawj lossis tsis lees paub abiogenesis. Txawm li cas los xij, tiam neeg uas tshwm sim tau raug lees paub los ntawm ntau tus kws tshawb fawb. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm abiogenesis thiab spontaneous tiam.
