Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau carbonate thiab hlau hydrogen carbonate yog cov hlau carbonates muaj cov hlau cation thiab carbonate anion thaum hlau hydrogen carbonates muaj cov hlau cation thiab bicarbonate anion.
Hlau carbonate thiab hlau hydrogen carbonate yog cov tshuaj inorganic. Hlau carbonates muaj hlau cations vim hais tias ib tug carbonate ion muaj -2 hluav taws xob nqi. Hlau hydrogen carbonates lossis hlau bicarbonates muaj hlau cations vim hais tias cov bicarbonate anion muaj -1 hluav taws xob.
Hlau Carbonate yog dab tsi?
Hlau carbonates yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj cov hlau cation thiab cov carbonate anion. Carbonate, hauv chemistry, yog ntsev ntawm carbonic acid. Carbonate ion yog polyatomic ion uas muaj cov tshuaj formula CO32- Cov compound uas tsim los ntawm kev koom tes ntawm carbonate anion thiab hlau cation yog hu ua carbonate ntsev.
Daim duab 01: Cov qauv ntawm Carbonate Anion
Feem ntau, hlau carbonate tebchaw undergo decomposition ntawm kev kho cua sov. Cov hlau carbonate nyiam tso cov pa roj carbon dioxide, tawm hauv qab ib qho oxide compound ntawm cov hlau. Peb tuaj yeem hu cov txheej txheem no calcination; Lub npe no yog muab los ntawm lo lus Latin "calx" siv rau quicklime lossis calcium oxide, CaO, uas peb tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov txheej txheem roasting limestone nyob rau hauv ib lub txiv qaub kiln.
Hlau carbonates tsim thaum zoo them hlau ions cuam tshuam nrog carbonate anions. Cov hlau ions lossis cov hlau ions zoo tuaj yeem ua rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm M+, M2+, thiab M3+Cov hlau ions no muaj monovalent, divalent thiab trivalent hlau ions, feem. Lawv tuaj yeem koom nrog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov pa oxygen atoms hauv carbonate anion ntawm electrostatic attraction rog ntawm cov hlau ion thiab carbonate anion. Qhov kev sib cuam tshuam no tsim cov hlau carbonate ionic compound.
Feem ntau, hlau carbonates yog insoluble hauv dej ntawm tus qauv kub thiab siab. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov kev zam, xws li lithium, sodium, thiab potassium carbonates. Txawm hais tias feem ntau cov hlau carbonates yog insoluble hauv dej, feem ntau bicarbonates yog cov dej-soluble compounds.
Hlau Hydrogen Carbonate yog dab tsi?
Hlau hydrogen carbonates lossis hlau bicarbonates yog cov tshuaj tsis muaj zog uas muaj cov hlau cation thiab bicarbonate anion. Cov tshuaj formula ntawm bicarbonate anion yog HCO3–Bicarbonate yog lub npe nrov rau cov tebchaw no thaum hydrogen carbonates yog IUPAC nomenclature pom zoo lub npe. Raws li txoj kev nomenclature, lub npe "bi-" yog hais txog qhov muaj ib qho hydrogen ion. Ib qho piv txwv zoo sib xws yog bisulfite, qhov twg anion yog HSO3-.
Daim duab 02: Cov qauv ntawm Bicarbonate Anion
Cov hlau hydrogen carbonate tebchaw tsim thaum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov hlau cations koom nrog cov tsis zoo them nyiaj bicarbonate anion. Qhov no yog electrostatic attraction qhov twg cov ntaub ntawv ionic compounds. Ntau cov bicarbonate tebchaw yog dej-soluble ntawm tus qauv kub thiab siab tej yam kev mob.
Qhov txawv ntawm Hlau Carbonate thiab Hlau Hydrogen Carbonate yog dab tsi?
Hlau carbonate thiab hlau hydrogen carbonate yog cov tshuaj inorganic. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau carbonate thiab hlau hydrogen carbonate yog cov hlau carbonates muaj carbonate anions thaum hlau hydrogen carbonate tebchaw muaj bicarbonate anions. Feem ntau cov hlau carbonates yog insoluble hauv dej thaum feem ntau hlau hydrogen carbonates yog cov dej-soluble compounds. Tsis tas li ntawd, hlau carbonate ua raws li qhov tsis nyob hauv cov ntshav thaum hlau hydrogen carbonate ua ib feem hauv pH buffering system hauv tib neeg lub cev.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau carbonate thiab hlau hydrogen carbonate hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Hlau Carbonate vs Hlau Hydrogen Carbonate
Hlau carbonate thiab hlau hydrogen carbonate yog cov tshuaj inorganic. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau carbonate thiab hlau hydrogen carbonate yog cov hlau carbonates muaj carbonate anions whereas hlau hydrogen carbonate tebchaw muaj bicarbonate anions.
