Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lactide thiab lactone yog tias lactide yog ib qho heterocyclic compound tsim los ntawm cua sov alpha-lactose whereas lactone yog cyclic ester uas tau los ntawm hydroxy acid.
Lactide thiab lactone yog ob lo lus tshuaj uas suab zoo sib xws tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Ob lub ntsiab lus no txhais cov subclasses ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv uas yog cyclic thiab muaj ester pawg raws li lawv pawg ua haujlwm.
Lactide yog dab tsi?
Lactide yog ib hom lactone uas tau los ntawm lactic acid thaum cua sov. Nws yog cyclic diester compound. Cov tshuaj formula ntawm lactide yog C6H8O4 thaum molar mass ntawm no compound yog 144. g/mol. Thaum yaj hauv dej, lactide hloov mus rau hauv lactic acid ntawm hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ntxiv mus, lactide yog soluble hauv chloroform, methanol, benzene, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lactide qhia stereoisomerism. Muaj peb qhov sib txawv stereoisomers ntawm lactide. Lawv muaj npe R, R-lactide, S, S-lactide thiab meso-lactide isomer. Ntawm lawv, R, R-isomer thiab S, S-isomer yog enantiomers ntawm ib leeg, thiab lawv tsis racemize yooj yim. Yog vim li cas lactide muaj peb isomers, tsis yog ob. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho peb lub isomers ntawm lactide undergo epimerization. Qhov no epimerization tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov organic los yog inorganic bases. Tag nrho peb hom isomeric ntawm lactide muaj xws li cov xim dawb.
Daim duab 01: Cov Qauv Tshuaj ntawm Peb Isomers ntawm Lactide
Lactide yog qhov tseem ceeb ua tus thawj coj rau qee cov ntaub ntawv polymer xws li polystyrene. Txawm li cas los xij, nws ua rau cov khoom siv polymer biodegradable. Tsis tas li ntawd, lactide tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm ntau qhov chaw txuas ntxiv, uas ua rau nws txaus siab rau kev tshawb fawb kev tshawb fawb. Thaum polymerization, lactide ua polylactic acid. Cov khoom no tseem hu ua polylactide. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization no yuav tsum muaj cov catalyst, thiab nyob ntawm seb hom catalyst, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav muab cov syndiotactic lossis heterotactic polymers.
Lactone yog dab tsi?
Lactones yog ib pawg ntawm carboxylic esters uas yog cyclic thiab ketones. Cov tshuaj no yog tsim los ntawm esterification ntawm hydroxycarboxylic acids (intermolecular esterification). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog tshwm sim thaum muaj tsib tus tswvcuab lossis ib lub nplhaib rau tus tswvcuab. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj peb-tus tswvcuab thiab plaub-tus tswvcuab rings hauv lactones ib yam. Tab sis lawv yog heev unreactive. Qhov no ua rau kev sib cais ntawm cov tebchaw no nyuaj heev. Yog li ntawd, cov qauv ntawm lub nplhaib no nrog cov pa roj carbon tsawg tsawg hauv lub nplhaib xav tau ntau txoj hauv kev sim nyuaj rau lawv txoj kev sib cais.
Ntxiv mus, lactones muaj qhov chaw ntuj. Piv txwv li, lactones tuaj yeem pom ua lub tsev thaiv ntawm ascorbic acid, kavain, gluconolactone, qee cov tshuaj hormones, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, lactones tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov tshuaj ester synthesis.
Daim duab 02: Cov Qauv Sib Txawv rau Lactone Rings
Lactones muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab rau cov tshuaj tsw qab. Lawv tau siv los ua zaub mov ntxiv kom tau txais qhov tsw ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab fermented khoom noj siv mis. Tsis tas li ntawd, polymerization ntawm lactones ua rau tsim cov yas "polycaprolactone".
Qhov txawv ntawm Lactide thiab Lactone yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lactide thiab lactone yog tias lactide yog ib qho ntawm cov chav kawm ntawm heterocyclic compounds tsim los ntawm cua sov alpha-lactose whereas lactone yog cyclic ester uas tau los ntawm hydroxy acid.
Cov infographic hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm lactide thiab lactone.
Summary – Lactide vs Lactone
Txawm hais tias cov ntsiab lus lactide thiab lactone suab tib yam, lawv yog ob lub npe sib txawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lactide thiab lactone yog tias lactide yog ib qho ntawm cov chav kawm ntawm heterocyclic compounds tsim los ntawm cua sov alpha-lactose whereas lactone yog cyclic ester uas tau los ntawm hydroxy acid.
