siRNA vs miRNA
RNAs yog cov molecules tseem ceeb heev, uas pab txhim kho lub neej ntawm cov kab mob. Tsis ntev los no cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshawb pom me me RNAs hu ua RNA cuam tshuam los yog RNAi, uas ua tom qab kev hloov pauv los tswj cov noob qhia. Ob hom loj ntawm RNAs me me yog micro RNA lossis miRNA thiab me me cuam tshuam RNA lossis siRNA. Cov molecules no yeej tswj cov noob qhia los ntawm suppressing lub hom phiaj gene. Ob leeg miRNA thiab siRNA muaj txoj hauv kev biogenesis zoo sib xws, txawm tias muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm miRNA thiab siRNA yog los ntawm dsRNA molecules. Mature miRNAs yog structurally zoo li siRNA molecules.
miRNA
Micro RNAs lossis miRNAs yog cov RNA me me molecules uas kho qhov kev kuaj zaum kawg hauv kev txhais cov noob caj noob ces. Deregulation ntawm miRNA tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav thiab lwm yam kab mob. Yog li ntawd, kev tswj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv raug cai hauv cheeb tsam tsis-coding ntawm miRNA yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv ntau cov txheej txheem ntawm tes.
siRNA
siRNAs kuj tseem hu ua kev cuam tshuam luv luv lossis ua kom ntsiag to RNA thiab yog tsim los ntawm ob npaug RNA nrog 20 txog 25 lub hauv paus khub. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm siRNA yog cuam tshuam nrog kev qhia ntawm cov noob tshwj xeeb nrog kev sib txuas ntawm nucleotide sequences. siRNA yog tsim los ntawm luv ob-stranded RNA nrog phosphorylated 5 'kawg thiab hydroxylated 3' xaus nrog ob overhanging nucleotides.
Qhov txawv ntawm siRNA thiab miRNA yog dab tsi?
• miRNA muab tau los ntawm cov genomic loci, thaum siRNA muab los ntawm mRNA, transposons, kab mob lossis heterochromatic DNA.
• Synthesis of miRNA yog ua tiav los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntev ntev ntawm cov plaub hau plaub hau (primary nuclear miRNA sequence los ntawm RNase III endonuclease), whereas ntawm siRNA ua tiav los ntawm ntev bimolecular RNA duplexes.
• Txhua miRNA hairpin precursor molecule tsim ib leeg miRNA duplex, whereas txhua siRNA precursor molecule tsim ntau siRNA duplexes.
• siRNA sequences tsis tshua muaj kev txuag, thaum miRNA sequences tau zoo khaws cia.
• Txhua lub hauv paus hauv siRNA pab txhawb rau nws lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb, qhov tsuas yog 5 'ib nrab ntawm miRNA pab txhawb rau nws lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb.
• miRNA feem ntau khi rau 3 ' thaj tsam tsis tau txhais ntawm lub hom phiaj transcripts, whereas siRNAs tsim complementary duplex nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub hom phiaj mRNA.
• miRNA qhia meej 'hetero- silencing' thaum siRNA siv rau 'auto silencing'.
• miRNA ua lub teeb liab los tiv thaiv kev txhais lus, whereas siRNA lub cev tiv thaiv kev txhais lus.
