Perfect vs Imperfect Competition
Kev sib tw muaj ntau heev thiab feem ntau muaj kev nruj heev hauv qhov chaw lag luam dawb uas muaj coob tus neeg yuav khoom thiab cov muag khoom sib cuam tshuam. Kev lag luam txoj kev xav piav qhia txog ntau yam kev lag luam kev sib tw ua lag luam uas coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov sib txawv ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom, cov neeg muag khoom, cov khoom muag, thiab cov nqi them. Muaj ob hom kev lag luam kev sib tw loj heev; uas yog, kev sib tw zoo kawg nkaus thiab kev sib tw tsis zoo. Cov kab lus hauv qab no qhia meej meej txog txhua hom kev lag luam kev sib tw ua lag luam thiab muab kev piav qhia txog qhov lawv txawv li cas rau ib leeg.
Kev sib tw zoo meej yog dab tsi?
Kev sib tw zoo meej yog qhov chaw muag khoom hauv khw muag khoom tsis muaj qhov zoo dua lwm tus muag vim lawv muag cov khoom lag luam sib xws ntawm tus nqi sib xws. Muaj ntau tus neeg yuav khoom thiab cov muag khoom, thiab vim tias cov khoom zoo sib xws hauv cov xwm txheej muaj kev sib tw me me vim tias tus neeg yuav khoom xav tau tuaj yeem txaus siab los ntawm cov khoom muag los ntawm ib tus neeg muag khoom hauv khw. Txij li thaum muaj coob tus neeg muag khoom txhua tus neeg muag khoom yuav muaj kev sib koom ua lag luam me, thiab nws yog ib qho ua tsis tau rau ib lossis ob peb tus neeg muag khoom los tswj hwm hauv cov qauv kev lag luam.
Txoj kev sib tw ua lag luam qhov chaw kuj muaj kev txwv tsawg heev rau kev nkag; txhua tus neeg muag khoom tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov chaw ua lag luam thiab pib muag cov khoom. Cov nqi yog txiav txim los ntawm lub zog ntawm kev thov thiab cov khoom siv thiab, yog li ntawd, txhua tus neeg muag khoom yuav tsum ua raws li tus nqi sib xws. Txhua lub tuam txhab uas nce tus nqi tshaj cov neeg sib tw yuav poob kev lag luam vim tias tus neeg yuav khoom tau yooj yim hloov mus rau tus neeg sib tw cov khoom.
Kev sib tw tsis zoo yog dab tsi?
Kev sib tw tsis zoo raws li cov lus qhia yog cov qauv kev lag luam uas cov xwm txheej rau kev sib tw zoo meej tsis txaus siab. Qhov no yog hais txog ntau yam kev lag luam loj xws li kev lag luam monopoly, oligopoly, monopsony, oligopsony thiab kev sib tw monopolistic. Oligopoly yog hais txog cov qauv kev lag luam uas cov neeg muag khoom sib tw me me thiab muab cov khoom zoo sib xws rau ntau tus neeg yuav khoom. Txij li cov khoom lag luam zoo sib xws, muaj kev sib tw hnyav ntawm cov neeg ua lag luam, thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev nkag vim tias feem ntau cov tuam txhab tshiab yuav tsis muaj peev txheej, thev naus laus zis los pib.
A monopoly yog qhov uas ib lub tuam txhab yuav tswj hwm tag nrho qhov chaw lag luam, thiab yuav tuav 100% kev lag luam. Lub tuam txhab hauv kev lag luam monopoly yuav muaj kev tswj hwm cov khoom, nqe, nta, thiab lwm yam. Cov tuam txhab no feem ntau tuav cov khoom lag luam patented, kev paub txog tswv yim / thev naus laus zis lossis tuav cov peev txheej tseem ceeb. Monospsony yog qhov chaw uas muaj ntau tus neeg muag khoom hauv khw nrog ib tus neeg yuav khoom thiab oligopsony yog qhov uas muaj coob tus neeg muag khoom thiab cov neeg yuav khoom tsawg. Monopolistic kev sib tw yog qhov twg 2 lub tuam txhab nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ua lag luam muag cov khoom sib txawv uas tsis tuaj yeem siv los hloov ib leeg.
Perfect vs Imperfect Competition
Kev lag luam zoo meej thiab tsis zoo yog qhov sib txawv heev rau ib leeg raws li kev lag luam sib txawv uas yuav tsum tau txaus siab. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog tias, nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ua lag luam zoo kawg nkaus, cov kev sib tw muaj zog ntau dua, dua li lwm hom kev sib tw tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qauv kev lag luam sib tw zoo tshaj plaws yog kev noj qab haus huv vim cov neeg yuav khoom muaj kev xaiv txaus los xaiv los ntawm thiab tsis yog, yog li ntawd, raug yuam kom yuav ib / ob peb yam khoom thiab cov neeg muag khoom muaj peev xwm nkag / tawm raws li lawv thov, uas yog qhov txawv ntawm kev ua lag luam feem ntau. nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ua lag luam tsis zoo.
Summary
• Muaj ob hom kev lag luam sib tw loj heev; uas yog, kev sib tw zoo kawg nkaus thiab kev sib tw tsis zoo.
• Kev sib tw zoo meej yog qhov chaw muag khoom hauv khw tsis muaj qhov zoo dua lwm tus muag vim lawv muag cov khoom sib xws ntawm tus nqi zoo sib xws.
• Kev sib tw tsis zoo raws li lo lus qhia yog kev lag luam qauv uas cov xwm txheej rau kev sib tw zoo meej tsis txaus siab. Qhov no yog hais txog ntau yam kev lag luam loj xws li kev lag luam monopoly, oligopoly, monopsony, oligopsony thiab kev sib tw monopolistic.
