Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm pawg 1 thiab pawg 2 lub ntsiab lus yog tias txhua pawg 1 cov ntsiab lus muaj cov khoom siv tsis sib xws hauv lawv qhov chaw sab nraud, hos pawg 2 lub ntsiab lus tau ua ke cov electrons nyob rau hauv lawv qhov chaw sab nraud.
Pab pawg 1 thiab 2 ntawm lub sijhawm teem sijhawm muaj cov ntsiab lus thaiv. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias; Cov ntsiab lus no muaj lawv cov hluav taws xob sab nraud hauv lub orbital. Cov pab pawg 1 thiab 2 txawv ntawm ib leeg nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus electrons nyob rau hauv lawv qhov chaw sab nraud. Ib lub orbital tuaj yeem muaj ob lub electrons nkaus xwb vim qhov sib nqus quantum tus lej ntawm lub orbital no yog 0.
Dab tsi yog Pawg 1 Cov Ntsiab Lus?
Pab pawg 1 cov ntsiab lus yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis sib xws nyob rau sab nraud ntawm lub orbital. Nws yog thawj kem ntawm s thaiv ntawm lub rooj zaum. Nws muaj hydrogen thiab alkali hlau. Cov tswv cuab ntawm pawg 1 no yog raws li nram no:
- Hydrogen (H)
- Lithium (Li)
- Sodium (Na)
- YPotassium (K)
- Rhubidium (Rh)
- Caesium (Cs)
- Francium (Fr)
Daim duab 01: Lub Sijhawm Lub Sijhawm nrog ntau pawg sib txawv ntawm cov xim sib txawv
Txawm hais tias hydrogen nyob hauv pab pawg no vim nws cov qauv hluav taws xob, nws muaj cov yam ntxwv txawv ntawm cov hlau alkali. Piv txwv li, hydrogen muaj nyob hauv cov pa roj, thaum lwm cov khoom hauv pawg no yog hlau. Cov hlau no yog txhua yam ci ntsa iab, muaj zog heev, thiab muag heev (peb tuaj yeem txiav tau yooj yim siv rab riam yooj yim).
: Feem ntau, cov pab pawg 1 cov ntsiab lus qhia qis qis, cov ntsiab lus boiling tsawg thiab muaj lub cev nruab nrab cubic crystal qauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj cov nplaim taws sib txawv, yog li peb tuaj yeem yooj yim paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv los ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov qauv rau Bunsen burner. Thaum mus rau hauv pawg ntawm cov hlau alkali, muaj qee qhov kev hloov pauv raws li teev hauv qab no.
- Lub atomic loj nce
- Lub melting point thiab boiling point txo vim muaj peev xwm tsim cov ntawv cog lus muaj zog yog txo qis hauv pab pawg (thaum lub atom loj, cov ntawv cog lus tsis muaj zog).
- Qhov ceev nce.
- Thawj ionization zog txo qis vim tias hauv cov atoms loj, cov hluav taws xob sab nraud yog xoob khi thiab nws tuaj yeem tshem tau yooj yim.
- Electronegativity
- Reactivity txo qis.
- Alkali hlau muaj tsawg electron affinities dua lwm yam.
Dab tsi yog Pawg 2 Cov Ntsiab Lus?
Pab pawg 2 cov ntsiab lus yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab nraud hauv ib lub orbital. Yog li ntawd, lawv cov valence electrons yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ns2 Ntxiv mus, pawg no yog kab thib ob ntawm s block. Peb npe lawv li alkaline ntiaj teb hlau. Cov tswv cuab ntawm pawg no yog raws li nram no:
- Beryllium (Be)
- Magnesium (Mg)
- Strontium (Sr)
- Barium (Ba)
- Radium (Ra)
Cas Cas Ca
Daim duab 02: Melting Points of Elements
Cov ntsiab lus hlau no yuav ua kom ruaj khov lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev tshem tawm ob sab sab nraud kom tau txais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Yog li, cov ntsiab lus no zoo li tsim +2 cations. Cov hlau no tsis tshua muaj reactive piv rau pawg 1 cov ntsiab lus. Ntxiv mus, cov ntsiab lus no muaj cov ntsiab lus melting ntau dua piv rau pawg 1 cov ntsiab lus, thiab lawv cov hydroxides yog qhov sib piv tsawg dua.
Qhov txawv ntawm Pawg 1 thiab Pawg 2 Cov ntsiab lus yog dab tsi?
Pab pawg 1 thiab 2 sib txawv ntawm ib leeg nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus electrons hauv lawv qhov chaw sab nraud. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm pawg 1 thiab pawg 2 lub ntsiab lus yog tias txhua pawg 1 lub ntsiab lus muaj cov khoom siv tsis sib xws hauv lawv qhov chaw sab nraud, thaum pawg 2 cov ntsiab lus tau ua ke cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lawv qhov chaw sab nraud.
Cov duab hauv qab no qhia ntau qhov sib piv txog qhov sib txawv ntawm pawg 1 thiab pawg 2.
Summary – Group 1 vs Group 2 Elements
Pab pawg 1 thiab 2 sib txawv ntawm ib leeg nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus electrons hauv lawv qhov chaw sab nraud. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm pawg 1 thiab pawg 2 lub ntsiab lus yog tias txhua pawg 1 lub ntsiab lus muaj cov khoom siv tsis sib xws hauv lawv qhov chaw sab nraud, thaum pawg 2 cov ntsiab lus tau ua ke cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lawv qhov chaw sab nraud.
