Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov Sib Txawv - Tswj vs Uncontrolled Chain Reaction
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab tswj tsis tau cov saw hlau yog qhov kev tswj xyuas cov saw hlau tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tawg thaum cov saw hlau tsis tswj tau ua rau lub zog tawg.
Cov ntsiab lus tswj cov kev sib tham ntawm cov saw, thiab cov saw hlau tsis muaj kev tswj hwm tau tham hauv cov tshuaj nuclear. Ib qho kev tawm tsam nuclear tshwm sim thaum ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear ua rau muaj kev vam meej ntawm qee qhov kev tawm tsam nuclear tom qab. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no tso tawm lub zog ntau heev.
Controlled Chain Reaction yog dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tswj tau yog cov saw hlau ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear uas tshwm sim tom qab nyob rau hauv kev tswj xyuas. Cia peb nkag siab lub tswv yim no siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear fission ua piv txwv. Lub fission saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim thaum lub neutron thiab fissile isotope cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg. Qhov kev cuam tshuam no ua rau tso tawm qee cov neutrons los ntawm fissile nucleus. Cov neutrons tso tawm no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov fissile isotopes thiab ua rau pib ntawm cov fission tom ntej. Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no raug tswj thiab tswj kom raug, nws yog hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saw hlau. Kev tswj fission cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua tau nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas.
Nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag siv cov kev tswj cov saw hlau. Nyob ntawd, cov kev sib txuas lus tau raug tswj los ntawm kev tswj xyuas tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear. Tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau yooj yim rau hauv daim ntawv tsis tswj hwm. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev tswj hwm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom pib siv (cov fissile isotope). Piv txwv li, yog hais tias tus nqi ntawm Uranium siv yog siab, ces cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ceev kuj yuav siab vim hais tias ces qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug neutron interacting nrog ib tug fissile isotope yog siab. Ces cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav uncontrolled. Thiab tseem, los ntawm kev tswj lub sijhawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nuclear tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog txo, qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug neutron interacting nrog ib tug fissile isotope yog tsawg. Tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tswj tau yooj yim.
Dab tsi yog Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Kab Mob Tsis Txaus Siab?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau tswj hwm yog cov saw hlau ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear uas tshwm sim tom qab, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm. Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsis tswj tau tuaj yeem ua rau tawg heev. Qhov ntawd yog vim tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem tso tawm ntau lub zog ntawm ib lub sijhawm.
Daim duab 01: Ib qho Kev Sib Tham Tsis Muaj Kev Tswj Xyuas
Piv txwv li, lub xov tooj cua isotope Uranium-235 tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nuclear tau tso tawm neutron maj mam. Ib lub isotope tso peb neutrons ib zaug. Peb cov neutrons no tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog peb lwm Uranium-235 isotopes tso 9 neutrons (3 neutrons ib qho isotope). Ib yam li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav nce thiab tso tawm ntau lub zog. Cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov saw hlau tsis muaj zog no yog siv rau hauv cov foob pob nuclear.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Kev Tswjhwm thiab Tsis Tiv Thaiv Cov Kab Sib Tham?
Controlled vs Uncontrolled Chain Reaction |
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| Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tswj tau yog cov saw hlau ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear uas tshwm sim tom qab hauv kev tswj hwm. | Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau tswj hwm yog cov saw hlau ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear uas tshwm sim tom qab, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm. |
| khoom | |
| Kev tswj cov saw hlau tau ua nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas. | Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsis muaj kev tswj hwm tau ua tiav thaum tsis muaj tus neeg saib xyuas. |
| Control Measures | |
| Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis tau hloov mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev tswj cov fissile isotopes tam sim no, txo lub sij hawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. | Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj kev tswj hwm tsis muaj kev tswj hwm. |
| Daim ntawv thov | |
| Tshwj xeeb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog siv hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear los tsim hluav taws xob. | Cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb uas tsis tau tswj hwm tau siv rau hauv cov foob pob nuclear. |
Summary – Tswj vs Uncontrolled Chain Reaction
Nuclear chain reactions tuaj yeem pom feem ntau hais txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm nuclear. nuclear fission yog kev tawg ntawm ib qho tsis ruaj khov atomic nucleus. Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab tsis muaj kev tswj xyuas cov saw hlau yog qhov kev tswj xyuas cov saw hlau tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tawg thaum tsis muaj kev tswj xyuas cov saw hlau ua rau lub zog tawg tawm.
